Weekly Intelligence Notes

10 - 16 July 2024
(Issue 26)

Readers who encounter problems with the email version of the WIN can
view the latest edition here.

Send submissions and comments to: winseditor@afio.com.

CONTENTS

Section I - CURRENTS

(Recent Developments)

General Interests

• U.S. military to award $3 billion contract for AI-driven intelligence - Space News, 12 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Treason and espionage cases are rising in Russia since the war in Ukraine began - Associated Press, 14 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Russian spy service accuses US of plotting 'regime change' in Georgia - Reuters, 09 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Pakistan authorizes spy agency to intercept phone calls - Reuters, 10 Jul 24
• Japan Says Military Often Flouted Rules on Handling Secrets - Wall Street Journal, 12 Jul 24
• Albanese tells Russian embassy to ‘back off’ over criticisms of spying charges - The Guardian, 04 Jul 24
• Inside “Scattergood,” the oldest structure on the CIA’s campus - DNYUZ, 13 Jul 24
• New Zealand prime minister vows to name and shame China over spying - Financial Times, 14 Jul 24
• Counterespionage - Recent arrests, convictions, expulsions, and more...
• Cyberespionage - Newly identified actors, collection and sabotage ops, countermeasures, policy, other...
• Covert Action - Latest influence ops and countermeasures, assassinations, sabotage, intel agency paramilitary action, and more...

• Grey literature in the intelligence domain: twilight or revival? - Intelligence and National Security, 03 Jul 24
• Japan’s intelligence capabilities with Professor Richard J Samuels, Professor Kotani Ken and Hosaka Sanshiro - International Institute for Strategic Studies, 11 Jul 24
• The Art of Geopolitical Intelligence: Lessons for Informed Decision-Making - OODA Loop, 11 Jul 24
• Assange’s Case Shows Why Reforming the Espionage Act Is Imperative for Press Freedom - The Nation, 11 Jul 24
• China’s machine of spies and theft continues in the US - Times of Israel Blogs, 13 Jul 2024
• Pulp Fiction: People, Not Paper, Are Leaking States Secrets - Homeland Security News Wire, 13 Jul 2024
• A stronger center is key to future Australian intelligence capability - Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 11 Jul 2024
• 5 Things to Know about Current and Future Practices of OSINT (22 mins) - Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies Podcast, 12 Jul 2024
• Cybersecurity in The White House – with Camille Stewart Gloster (71 mins) - International Spy Museum's Spycast Podcast, 09 Jul 24

• On the 75th anniversary of NATO, defending Ukraine means not letting Russia win. — Former Acting CIA Dep. Dir. for Ops and Arkin Group President Jack Devine, In Other News
• Baghdad Works Through Multiple Challenges | FPOTUS Trump Survives Assassination Attempt | UK Voter Disillusionment Gives Election Victory to the Left | How Do U.S. Adversaries Approach Great Power Competition? | Far-Right Falls Short in French Elections as Left Surges — Former FBI Special Agent and Soufan Group CEO Ali Soufan, Intel Brief
• North Korea: Sydney Seiler — Former CIA Acting Director Michael Morell and former CIA Chief Operating Officer Andy Makridis, Intelligence Matters: The Relaunch
• Former GCHQ chief issued warning before AFP Russia spy sting with Sir David Omand - The Mandarin, 15 Jul 24
• Foreign spies likely knew of Biden’s age-related decline, former NSA counterspy says - with Former NSA Counterintelligence Officer John Schindler - Washington Times, 10 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Russian VKS operational planning for Ukraine, hybrid war, and the role of the Russian special services by former CIA Senior Operations Officer Sean M. Wiswesser - Chapter 2 of The Air War in Ukraine: The First Year of Conflict (31 Jul 24, Routledge)(Member Contribution)
• The Value and Costs of Intelligence Diplomacy: CIA Director Burns in the Spotlight by Former CIA Senior Operations Officer Doug London - Just Security, 12 Jul 24
• What does it take to run Canada's spy agency? by Former Canadian Security Intelligence Service Officer Phil Gurski - Ottawa Citizen, 15 Jul 24

Books: (Forthcoming, New Releases, Overlooked)

• Intelligence in Democratic Transitions: A Comparative Analysis of Portugal, Greece, and Spain by Sofia Tzamarelou (01 Aug 25)
• Lifting the Fog: The Secret History of the Dutch Defense Intelligence and Security Service (1912-2022) by Bob de Graaf (10 Jun 24)
• The Tao Of Spycraft: Intelligence Theory And Practice In Traditional China by Ralph D. Sawyer (10 Sep 98)

True Intelligence Matters on Film: Declassified: The Untold Stories of American Spies, S1 E6 - The Taliban's Double Agent - Domini Hofmann (2016)

Intelligence in History - A Collection of Recently Released Content

Infographic: Charted: The Death of Cash Transactions Around the World - Visual Capitalist, 26 Jun 24

Walking Tours: "The Spies of Embassy Row" and "Spies of Georgetown" - Washington, DC. (Sundays, Dates/Times Vary)

Obituaries

Research Requests and Academic Opportunities

• Call for Papers: African Intelligence in the Post-Colonial Era, 1960-present - Special Issue of the International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence. 01 Nov 24 Deadline.
• Call for paid survey participants: Current and former intelligence analysts' input sought for PhD dissertation research.
• Call for Interviews: Documentary film executive seeking extraordinary, true story material.
• Call for Papers: Frontiers in African Intelligence Studies - Special Issue of the Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism. 01 Aug 24 Deadline.
• Call for Information: Farewell Dossier and the alleged explosion of the Siberian gas pipeline.
• Call for Papers: 2025 Cryptologic History Symposium - “Engage the Past, Educate the Future.” 05 Sep 24 Deadline.
• Call for Submissions: 2024 Naval Intelligence Essay Contest - Cosponsored by the U.S. Naval Institute and Naval Intelligence Professionals. 31 July 2024 deadline.
• Call for Online Survey Participants: Institution Review Board approved research project from Northeastern University on critical thinking skills for national security intelligence analysts.
• Call for Information and Interview Subjects: In search of information on possible espionage activity in New York City in the WWII and post-war era.
• Call for papers: Irregular Warfare Lessons Learned Since 9/11 - Department of Defense's Irregular Warfare Center (IWC) and the Foreign Policy Research Institute's (FPRI) Center for the Study of Intelligence and Nontraditional Warfare conference in Annapolis, MD 17-18 September 2024 - 01 August Deadline.
• Call for information: Child of former CIA officers John and Mary Mae Roman seeks information about parents' careers.
• Call for information: Seeking input and suggestions for a chapter on Counterintelligence for the second edition of the Oxford University Handbook of National Security Intelligence.
• Call for information: Seeking information on Priscilla Griffin de Mauduit, OSS-CIA, 1941-1965.
• Call for information: Seeking information on Peruvian communist terrorist group Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path).
• Seeking Interview Subjects: Seeking information on Czech-U.S. relations late 1970s and 1980s, StB's techniques and effectiveness, exposition and expulsion of U.S. staff in Prague, Czech intel operatives on U.S. soil.
• Seeking Interview Subjects: Current or former intelligence officers, analysts, and counterintelligence (CI) professionals with firsthand experience in dealing with Russian illegals to participate in confidential interview sessions as part of a PhD dissertation.
• Call for Information: Swiss photographer Bruno Zehnder and research activity/death in Mirny Antarctica 1997 / info on climate between Russia and the CIA in the 19980s/90s regarding adhering to the scientific treaty and the race to be the first to breach Lake Vostok.
• Call For Articles: AFIO Journal, The Intelligencer - Assorted Topics

Employment

• 2 Assistant Professors in Intelligence and Security - Institute of Security and Global Affairs, University of Leiden, Netherlands
• Senior Director - Arkin Group - New York, NY
• Research Associate - Arkin Group - New York, NY
• Assistant Professor of Intelligence Studies - Mercyhurst University - Erie, Pennsylvania
• Associate Professor and Chair of National Security - University of New Haven, Connecticut
• Wanted: Former intelligence officers to lead spy-themed walking tours in Washington, D.C. - Spyher Tours
• Wanted: Retired Federal Government Employees - National Security Agency - Fort Meade, Maryland
• Assistant Professor - Intelligence Studies - Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Arizona

Upcoming AFIO Events

• 18 Jul 24, 1130 (MT) - In-Person, Colorado Springs, CO - The AFIO Rocky Mountain Chapter hosts Bill Berry discussing "Philippines-China Territorial Conflict in the South China Sea and Possible U.S. Involvement."
• 30 Jul 24, 1900 (PT) - Former CIA Director General David Petraeus on challenges in Ukraine and the Middle East - In-Person, Yorba Linda, CA - AFIO Los Angeles Chapter; Dinner after presentation.
• 01 Aug 24, 1800 (PT) - Director, Missile Defense Agency (MDA) Lt Gen Heath Collins on the Missile Defense Agency - its responsibilities, its challenges and opportunities, and the importance of what the MDA does every day for our nation's security - In-Person, Simi Valley, CA - AFIO-Los Angeles Chapter; More details to follow.
• Mon, 5 Aug 2024, noon (CT) - San Antonio TX - In-Person - The AFIO San Antonio TX Chapter features video interview with Chip Beck, USN on "CIA Special Operations in Cambodia" and on Impact of Houthi Attack Boats on Red Sea Shipping.
• Fri, 4 Oct 2024, 11 am (ET) - McLean VA In-Person - AFIO National Fall Luncheon: JJ Green, WTOP, Morning Speaker; Afternoon Speaker TBA - Hold the date. Registration opens 1 August.

Events from Advertisers, Corporate Sponsors, Others

• 29 Jul 2024, 1300-1400 (BST) – Online – Former GCHQ Director Robert Hannigan on CI and Learning from the Secret World - Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), U.K.
• 20 Aug 24, 0900-1000 (ET) – Virtual – Beyond the Big Six: The Pivotal Roles of Lesser Known IC Agencies - INSA, Online
• 27-28 Aug 24 – In Person – Intelligence & National Security Summit - INSA, Bethesda, MD
• 30 Apr - 02 May 2025 – In Person – Cryptologic History Symposium - National Cryptological Foundation and NSA Center for Cryptologic History, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland

See the AFIO Calendar of Events for scheduling further in the future.

DISCLAIMER

The Weekly Intelligence Notes include a wide range of articles and commentary to inform our readers. It also includes several paid advertisements. Views expressed in articles and advertising are those of the authors and advertisers; they do not reflect AFIO's support or endorsement. Notices about non-AFIO events do not reflect AFIO endorsement or recommendation.

AFIO does not vet or endorse research inquiries, career announcements, or job offers. Reasonable-sounding inquiries and career offerings are published as a service to readers, who should exercise caution and good judgment when responding and independently verify the source before supplying resumes, career data, or personal information.

Released to Members-only 09 July 2024

Recorded 15 April 2024
(18 minutes)

Brian J. Morra
Former USAF Intelligence Officer on
The Righteous Arrows
a spy thriller about the persistent U.S. - Russia rivalry

AFIO President and Former CIA Senior Operations Officer James Hughes interviews Former USAF Intel Officer and senior aerospace executive Brian J. Morra on his recently released work of historical fiction, a story of international espionage and war. This is the second installment of the The Able Archers series. Includes Q&A.

Read more about and purchase the book here.

Click image above to access video interview.

- WIN BOOK REVIEW -
(July 2024)

Former CIA Senior Operations Officer and Intelligence-Studies College Lecturer John Atwell writes on:

Ghosts of Honolulu: A Japanese Spy, A Japanese-American Spy Hunter, and the Untold Story of Pearl Harbor

by Mark Harmon and Leon Carroll, Jr.
(Harper Select, November 2023).

Access review here.

In 1861, soon after the outbreak of the Civil War, two secret agents — one a Confederate, the other his Union rival — were dispatched to neutral Britain, each entrusted with a vital mission. This is the untold tale of two implacable foes and their twilight struggle for the highest stakes involving the lucrative cotton trade.

Interview: 13 February 2024. Host and Interviewer: AFIO President, former CIA Senior Operations Officer, and former NSA Deputy Director for Operations James Hughes. Podcast runs 30 minutes.

The audio-only version of AFIO Now, great for listening to in your car or while accomplishing other tasks, can be downloaded or streamed on any of the following podcast platforms by searching for "AFIO" :

AFIO Now interviews, video and audio-only forms, in 2023 and 2024, are sponsored by
Northwest Financial Advisors

Click here to watch interviews in the AFIO Now series released in 2024.
View interviews from 2020 to 2023 here.
Watch public-release interviews on our YouTube channel or listen to them in podcast form at the links in the section above.

Log into the member-only area for member-only features.

Section I - CURRENTS

(Recent Developments)

General Interests

U.S. military to award $3 billion contract for AI-driven intelligence - Space News, 12 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)

The U.S. military is poised to award an estimated $3 billion multi-year contract for commercial data and analytics services to monitor potential threats across the Indo-Pacific region, a focal point of global geopolitics and a priority theater for the Department of Defense. The program, known as Long-Range Enterprise Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Activity (LEIA), seeks to procure a wide spectrum of commercial data and advanced AI-driven analytics, integrating information from ground, aerial, and space-based platforms. The LEIA contract is expected to be awarded later this year. It is a full and open competition and several firms are expected to compete for the award. (Read more here.)

Treason and espionage cases are rising in Russia since the war in Ukraine began - Associated Press, 14 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)

When Maksim Kolker’s phone rang at 6 a.m., and the voice on the other end said his father had been arrested, he thought it was a scam to extort money. A day earlier, he had taken his father, prominent Russian physicist Dmitry Kolker, to the hospital in his native Novosibirsk, when his advanced pancreatic cancer had suddenly worsened. The phone kept ringing and Kolker kept hanging up until finally his father called to confirm the grim news. The elder Kolker had been charged with treason, the family later learned, a crime that is probed and prosecuted in absolute secrecy in Russia and punished with long prison terms. Treason cases have been rare in Russia in the last 30 years, with a handful annually. But since the 2022 invasion of Ukraine, they have skyrocketed, along with espionage prosecutions, ensnaring citizens and foreigners alike, regardless of their politics. (Full article here.)

Russian spy service accuses US of plotting 'regime change' in Georgia - Reuters, 09 Jul 24

Russia's foreign spy agency accused the United States on Tuesday of plotting "regime change" in Georgia after the South Caucasus country holds a parliamentary election on Oct. 26, a claim Washington called "completely false." Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) provided no evidence for its assertion, but an SVR statement containing the allegation was a sign of warming relations between Moscow and its traditionally pro-Western neighbor. "Washington is determined to achieve regime change in Georgia following the results of the upcoming parliamentary elections," the SVR said in the statement. "The Biden administration has already developed a large-scale information campaign to discredit the ruling Georgian Dream party." State Department spokesperson Matthew Miller told reporters it was not the first time Russia has made what he called an "absurd" allegation about U.S. involvement in Georgia, calling the claim "completely false." (Full article here.)

Pakistan authorizes spy agency to intercept phone calls - Reuters, 10 Jul 24

Pakistan has authorized its army-run spy agency to tap telephone calls and messages, strengthening its key role in the politics of the nation, as opposition politicians and social media users voiced concerns over potential misuse or privacy violations. The powerful military, in a country that has been ruled by the army for almost half its independent history, can make or break governments in Pakistan, and the new powers for its Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) agency raised widespread alarm. Law Minister Azam Nazeer Tarar told parliament the ministry of information technology and telecommunications was advised of the change in a July 8 notice. "Anyone who misuses the law will face action," Tarar said on Tuesday, adding that the measure would be restricted to tracking criminal and terrorist activities and the government would ensure it did not infringe on people's lives and privacy. "The federal government, in the interest of national security and in the apprehension of any offence, is pleased to authorize officers ... to intercept calls and messages or to trace calls through any telecoms system," said the notice, seen by Reuters. (Full article here.)

Japan Says Military Often Flouted Rules on Handling Secrets - Wall Street Journal, 12 Jul 24

Japan's Ministry of Defense on Friday reprimanded more than 100 people including some top officers for mishandling classified security information, in a case that comes amid concern about the country's exposure to hacking by adversaries such as China. The ministry said it wasn't aware of any security information leaking outside the... (NOTE: This article may require a one-time free registration or a paid subscription.) (Read here.)

Albanese tells Russian embassy to ‘back off’ over criticisms of spying charges - The Guardian, 04 Jul 24

Anthony Albanese has told Russia to “back off” after its embassy accused Australia’s security heads of fuelling “anti-Russian paranoia” over the arrest of two alleged spies accused of trying to access classified defence information. The Russian-born Australians – including one who is an army private – were arrested over an alleged spying scheme targeting the defence department, with authorities emphasising concerns over espionage and foreign interference. The Russian embassy in Canberra on Saturday accused Australia’s federal police and spy agency chiefs of stoking anti-Russian paranoia. (Full article here.)

Inside “Scattergood,” the oldest structure on the CIA’s campus - DNYUZ, 13 Jul 24

When buying a house on 30 wooded acres in northern Virginia, the last thing you might expect to get is a nosy neighbor. But after Margaret Scattergood and Florence Thorne moved into their new home in 1933, they got more than they bargained for – an entire campus full of spies. “We tried to make sure that we didn’t impede or encroach on their life too much,” said CIA Public Affairs Officer Janelle Neises, who has served as the house’s historian. “We tried to consider them sort of a part of our organization while letting them live their lives very separately at the same time.” “In fact, a lot of our officers became friends with especially Margaret towards the end of her life,” she said. “They would come out and see if she needed help with yard work, or if she needed help with getting her groceries.” (Full article here.)

New Zealand prime minister vows to name and shame China over spying - Financial Times, 14 Jul 24

New Zealand will increasingly disclose cases of Chinese espionage as part of a strategy to boost awareness in the country about the security threat, Prime Minister Christopher Luxon said. Wellington wanted to increase vigilance across the business community about the threat — mirroring a strategy adopted by the US, UK, Canada and Australia, he added. Luxon said intelligence agencies were being more open about cases “to build literacy around it as an issue and threat”. “Putting some light on these things and calling it out is actually necessary,” he told the Financial Times in an interview in Washington. (Full article here.)

Counterespionage - Recent arrests, convictions, expulsions, and more...

• Australian soldier charged with spying for Russia - BBC, 11 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Chinese student pleads guilty to violating U.S. espionage act - Asia Nikei, 07 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• OSCE official jailed for ‘spying’ in Russian-held Ukraine - AlJazeera, 12 Jul 24
• Bolsonaro’s Charges May Stack Up, as Brazilian Police Investigate Potential Espionage - New York Sun, 13 Jul 24
• Court voids last conviction of Kansas researcher in case that started as Chinese espionage probe - WTOP, 13 Jul 24
• Swiss prosecutors investigate suspected Russian spy - Swiss Info, 13 Jul 24
• Congress introduces a bill targeting foreign adversaries accused of stealing US intellectual property - The Spy Hunter, 09 Jul 24

Cyberespionage - Newly identified actors, collection and sabotage ops, countermeasures, policy, other...

• DHS official details efforts to harmonize cyber incident reporting rules - Federal News Network, 12 Jul 24
• The President Ordered a Board to Probe a Massive Russian Cyberattack. It Never Did. - ProPublica, 08 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• US, Allies Accuse China’s Spies of Directing Cyberattacks - Bloomberg, 08 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• U.S., allied intelligence agencies issue rare joint warning on Chinese state hacking group - Washington Times, 09 Jul 24
• NATO Summit Gives Hackers a Massive Target as Leaders Descend on Washington - Bloomberg, 10 Jul 24
• CISA Red Team Exercise Finds Critical Vulnerabilities in Federal Civilian Agency - Security Week, 12 Jul 24
• The Escalating War Against Email-Based Espionage and Fraud - AFCEA's The Cyber Edge, 11 Jul 24
• NSA Releases Advisory on Cyber Threat Group Associated With China’s Ministry of State Security - Executive Gov, 09 Jul 24
• Houthi rebels are operating their own GuardZoo spyware - The Register, 09 Jul 24
• People’s Republic of China (PRC) Ministry of State Security APT40 Tradecraft in Action - CIA, 08 Jul 24

Covert Action - Latest influence ops and countermeasures, assassinations, sabotage, intel agency paramilitary action, and more...

• Unit 910: Hezbollah´s Covert Action Unit - Grey Dynamics, 09 Jul 24
• Exclusive footage captures Russian-led saboteur in the act - CNN, 11 Jul 24
• Justice Department Leads Efforts Among Federal, International, and Private Sector Partners to Disrupt Covert Russian Government-Operated Social Media Bot Farm - U.S. Department of Justice, 09 Jul 24
• German shock at reported Russian assassination plot - BBC News, 11 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Intelligence on Russian sabotage threat prompted increase in security at US military bases in Europe - CNN, 09 Jul 24
• Surreptitious Entry Ops - Tradecraft Sunday: Episode 12: RFID/NFC Cloning - Spy Collection, 07 Jul 24
• FSB Says Thwarted Plots Targeting Army Officials, Admiral Kuznetsov Aircraft Carrier - The Moscow Times, 10 Jul 24
• Al accelerates foreign meddling in U.S. elections; intel finds misinformation, deepfake attempts - Washington Times, 10 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• U.S. director of national intelligence says Iran is influencing and funding Gaza war protests - The Jewish Insider, 09 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Foreign misinformation: Chinese campaigns in East and Southeast Asia vs in some other countries - Universidad de Navarra, 09 Jul 24

Section II - DEEP DIVES

(Research Papers, OpEds, Analysis, Podcasts)

Grey literature in the intelligence domain: twilight or revival? - Intelligence and National Security, 03 Jul 24

Grey literature encompasses documentary material that is not commercially produced and includes a large and heterogeneous body of sources such as technical reports, working papers, business documents, and conference proceedings. Intelligence organisations worldwide have long incorporated grey literature in their collection and analysis activities as a cost-effective and indispensable source of valuable information that provides strategic insights and helps to form operational decisions. Despite advancements in electronic collection methods, the sourcing of grey literature in many instances still requires the physical presence of a collector, especially in countries and regions with low informational availability, limited digital infrastructure, and those ruled by authoritarian regimes. The classification of grey literature within other ‘INTs’ in general and open source intelligence (OSINT) in particular poses a challenge as it blurs the boundaries between human intelligence (HUMINT) and OSINT. Outsourcing OSINT collection, analysis, and dissemination to private vendors has been gaining speed and volume over the last decade. The article identifies three categories of private vendors active in collecting and analysing grey literature for the intelligence community while seeking to draw renewed attention to the importance of this source of information. (Full report here.)

Japan’s intelligence capabilities with Professor Richard J Samuels, Professor Kotani Ken and Hosaka Sanshiro - International Institute for Strategic Studies, 11 Jul 24

Robert Ward hosts Richard J Samuels, Ford International Professor of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Kotani Ken, Professor at Nihon University in Japan, and Hosaka Sanshiro, Research Fellow at the International Centre for Defence and Security and PhD student at the University of Tartu. (Access here.)

The Art of Geopolitical Intelligence: Lessons for Informed Decision-Making - OODA Loop, 11 Jul 24

I have spent decades immersed in the world of geopolitical intelligence and remain a practitioner of the craft today. With this post I reflect on some of the key lessons I have learned in seeking to optimize geopolitical intelligence analysis and reporting. One of the goals I have in sharing these lessons is to help you optimize your use of the reporting you see in the OODA daily pulse and the long form research and reporting done for our OODA network members. However, these lessons can also be applied to any organization seeking to improve the application of insights to operational decision-making. You will also find these lessons useful to personal decision-making. I review lessons learned in geopolitical intelligence in the following categories:... (Access here.)

Assange’s Case Shows Why Reforming the Espionage Act Is Imperative for Press Freedom - The Nation, 11 Jul 24

On June 25, 2024, the 14-year persecution of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange came to an end. As part of a plea deal, the journalist pleaded guilty to violating the Espionage Act. In exchange, he received time served for the five years he spent in a British maximum-security prison while fighting his extradition. Although Assange walked out of the courthouse a free man, his freedom came after paying an extraordinary harsh price. Officially, Assange’s crime was “conspiracy to obtain and disclose national defense information.” According to the plea deal, Assange helped to set up WikiLeaks, which announced that it would publish “classified, censored, or otherwise restricted information of political, diplomatic, or ethical significance.” Army Pfc. Chelsea Manning gave Assange national defense information knowing he would publish it. Assange accepted the information and published it. (Full report here.)

China’s machine of spies and theft continues in the US - Times of Israel Blogs, 13 Jul 2024

Recent events at the University of Florida have once again highlighted the ongoing and pervasive threat posed by the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) espionage activities targeting the United States. A multimillion-dollar scheme to illegally ship dangerous drugs and toxins to China, involving a research lab employee and students, has brought renewed attention to the CCP’s relentless efforts to steal sensitive information and materials from American institutions. This incident is just the latest in a long line of espionage attempts orchestrated by the CCP. The brazen nature of the operation – fraudulently using a university’s ordering system to obtain restricted materials at steep discounts – demonstrates the lengths to which CCP-affiliated actors will go to acquire valuable resources. Even more concerning is the alleged involvement of the president of UF’s Chinese Students and Scholars Association, an organization known to be overseen by the United Front Work Department – the CCP’s primary foreign interference tool. (Access here.)

Pulp Fiction: People, Not Paper, Are Leaking States Secrets - Homeland Security News Wire, 13 Jul 2024

The intelligence community must embrace emerging information technology and abandon paper-based products. Getting rid of paper, however, would not fix the underlying problem. Instead of restricting paper, the U.S. counterintelligence community must risk a forward posture of machine learning and AI adaptation to detect disclosures and espionage before it happens. In “Stop the Printers! Ditch Paper to Prevent National Security Leaks,” my colleagues Heather McMahon and Michael Schellhammer flagged the U.S. government’s reliance on paper as an enduring security flaw that has led to multiple leaks. I agree with McMahon and Schellhammer that the intelligence community must embrace emerging information technology and abandon paper-based products. Getting rid of paper, however, would not fix the underlying problem. The FBI’s list of spying’s “who’s who” is a testament that the character of espionage and mishandling information is ever-changing, but its nature endures. Counterintelligence professionals must focus on the nature of the espionage environment to respond as the character changes. (Access here.)

A stronger center is key to future Australian intelligence capability - Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 11 Jul 2024

It will be a welcome step if the current Independent Intelligence Review (IIR) recommends further empowering the Office of National Intelligence (ONI) to lead capability development and, by extension, to achieve a more collective approach by the many Australian agencies working in the field. Terms of reference for the IIR encompass progress in the implementation of recommendations from previous reviews, including the establishment of the ONI and the creation of the national intelligence community (NIC). The review has been due to report to the government in mid-2024. Australia’s traditionally federated intelligence community might seem unusual, given its moderate size; it’s more comparable to the notoriously decentralised US intelligence community than those of other Five Eyes countries. Australia typically separates assessment from collection (although not in the case of the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation, or ASIO) and has different agencies for different collection modes (signals, imagery and human intelligence-gathering) and for different intelligence purposes (foreign, defence, security, law enforcement, border and regulatory). The resulting myriad agencies, variously reporting to five ministers, work collaboratively towards common goals. (Access here.)

5 Things to Know about Current and Future Practices of OSINT (22 mins) - Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies Podcast, 12 Jul 2024

In the first installation of our new three-part OSINT series here on Adversity Quotient, we explore 5 Things to Know About the Current and Future Practices of OSINT with guest speaker Justin Peden, founder of ‘The Intel Crab’; an online open-source intelligence aggregator focused on observing the War in Ukraine. Mr. Peden and host, Assistant Executive Officer of CASIS-Vancouver, Evan Kryski, discuss OSINT practitioner perspectives on a multitude of topics, including ethics and technology. (Access here.)

The Latest from International Spy Museum Historian Andrew Hammond, PhD.

Spycast is the official podcast of the International Spy Museum and hosts interviews with intelligence experts on matters of HUMINT, SIGINT, IMINT, OSINT, and GEOINT. Spycast is hosted by historian Andrew Hammond, PhD.

09 Jul | Cybersecurity in The White House – with Camille Stewart Gloster (71 mins) This week, Andrew was joined by Camille Stewart Gloster. Camille most recently served as the Deputy National Cyber Director for Technology & Ecosystem at the White House, where she was the first person to hold the role. At the White House, she worked alongside the National Cyber Director advising the President of the United States on the most critical issues and developments within the technological field. In addition to her fascinating work within the White House and across the private sector, Camille is a co-founder of the #ShareTheMicInCyber movement and the #NextGenNatSec initiative, efforts that both aim to grow a more diverse cyber workforce. Tune in to learn more about how Camille has helped to set up the United States for success in the next generations of cyber and technology!

Section III - FORMERS' FORUM

(Legacy Intel Practitioners' Informed Perspectives
and Recent Endeavors)

The Latest Insights from Former CIA Acting Deputy Director for Operations Jack Devine.

In Other News The proprietary analytic newsletter crafted for The Arkin Group's private clients by former CIA Acting Deputy Director for Operations Jack Devine.

11 Jul | On the 75th anniversary of NATO, defending Ukraine means not letting Russia win. This week, the leaders of NATO’s member states are gathered in Washington to decide how to best protect their nations and secure their collective bloc. At the forefront of discussion is the ongoing war in Ukraine, as Russia’s cold-blooded invasion of its neighbor served to endow NATO with a new sense of immediacy and purpose – even compelling Sweden and Finland to join the alliance for the first time. While many noteworthy developments are happening at this week’s summit, the issue of sustained military and political support for Ukraine - including an “irreversible path” to NATO membership for Ukraine, and China’s role as a Russia “enabler” are at the forefront of discussion. (Full report here.)

Daily Analysis of Security Issues and Geopolitical Trends

Intel Brief The Soufan Center's flagship, daily analytical product focused on complex security issues and geopolitical trends that may shape regional or international affairs. The Soufan Center was founded by former FBI Special Agent and Soufan Group CEO Ali Soufan.

16 Jul | Baghdad Works Through a Multiplicity of Challenges

Iraq’s efforts to emerge from decades of war, sanctions, and regional isolation are complicated by the ambitious agendas of powerful neighbors and global mentors. U.S. officials and experts have tended to focus on the influence Tehran wields in Iraq, working through a network of mostly Shia Muslim militias that are advised and funded by Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) – Qods Force. Strains between Iraq and Türkiye are viewed in Washington as secondary, despite the presence of some Turkish forces over the Iraq border pursuing armed Kurdish militants of the anti-Ankara Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). Washington’s double standard is not hard to understand: Iran and its “Axis of Resistance” are U.S. adversaries, whereas Türkiye, despite President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s differences with U.S. policy, is a member of NATO that hosts U.S. bases.

15 Jul | Former President Trump Survives Assassination Attempt at Campaign Rally

12 Jul | UK Voters’ Disillusionment Delivers a Landslide Election Victory to the Left

11 Jul | How Do U.S. Adversaries Approach Great Power Competition?

10 Jul | Far-Right Falls Short in French Elections as the Left Unexpectedly Surges

Former CIA Acting Director Michael Morell and former CIA Chief Operating Officer Andy Makridis on critical security challenges.

Intelligence Matters: The Relaunch is a Beacon Global Strategies podcast.

09 Jul | North Korea: Sydney Seiler Michael speaks with Sydney Seiler, one of the country's top experts on North Korea and Korea Chair at CSIS. Sydney served as the U.S. Special Envoy for Six Party Talks, where he led negotiations with North Korea. He also held key positions at the National Intelligence Council, ODNI, CIA, and NSA. Sydney discusses North Korea's recent treaty with Russia and its growing provocations on the Korean Peninsula.

Former GCHQ chief issued warning before AFP Russia spy sting with Sir David Omand - The Mandarin, 15 Jul 24

A former head of the UK’s top covert electronic and cyber intelligence agency warned of the need for so-called ‘Five-Eyes’ members to rebuild their linguistic muscle and specialist expertise tabs on Russian military and state activities, just weeks before authorities swooped on an alleged local espionage plot to exfiltrate sensitive Australian defence information to Moscow. In a frank and unvarnished assessment of the need to retain multilingual and cultural diversity in the intelligence community, in May Sir David Omand cautioned the persistence of the “major war” in Ukraine had again upped the need for expertise on Russia and human sources rather than a focus on “the tonne of open-source information which you could scrape off the internet”. A former director of the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and permanent secretary of the Home Office, Omand is one of a growing number of former senior spies cautioning about the risks of letting a “monoculture” develop within intelligence communities that lets go of hard-to-replace skills. (Access here.)

Foreign spies likely knew of Biden’s age-related decline, former NSA counterspy says - with Former NSA Counterintelligence Officer John Schindler - Washington Times, 10 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)

Intelligence operatives from China, Russia and Iran are targeting White House secrets on President Biden’s health and likely informed their governments on his apparent declining mental acuity, according to a former National Security Agency counterintelligence official. John Schindler, who spent nearly a decade with NSA as a counterintelligence officer and intelligence analyst, stated in an online post that a multi-year White House silence on Mr. Biden’s physical and mental condition did not fool either hostile spies in Washington or U.S. allies. Washington is home to more intelligence officers than any city in the world and finding out what’s going on inside the White House is the top intelligence priority for many of them, Mr. Schindler stated on his newsletter Top Secret Umbra. (Access here.)

Russian VKS operational planning for Ukraine, hybrid war, and the role of the Russian special services by former CIA Senior Operations Officer Sean M. Wiswesser - Chapter 2 of The Air War in Ukraine: The First Year of Conflict (31 Jul 24, Routledge) (Member Contribution)

This chapter in a major new volume with noted experts on the Ukraine war was written by a recently retired former who graduated Air War College, and whose masters thesis on the "Failure of Russian Airpower in Ukraine" was published in 2023 by the UK's Journal of Small Wars. Chapter 2 in this new volume lays out the Russian military and Air Force's operational plan for "hybrid war." The narrative highlights the arrogance and incompetence of the Russian intel services on the eve of war, and how they led Putin and Russia to disaster in Ukraine. It should be an informative and revealing read, along with the many other expert commentaries in this volume on the Air War. From the editors' introduction: "Chapter 2 explains the evolution of Russian airpower leading up to the 2022 invasion. It analyzes how Russian experiences in Georgia, Crimea, Donbas and Syria influenced VKS decision-making in the run-up to the invasion; as well as the doctrinal and technological evolution of Russian airpower; and the role of airpower in the non-contact war theories of Gerasimov and others. It also examines VKS Strategic Air Operations doctrine; how it was influenced by the dominant role of the Russian Special Services in planning the invasion; and consequently, how airpower was integrated into Moscow’s strategy on the eve of war." (Access here.)

The Value and Costs of Intelligence Diplomacy: CIA Director Burns in the Spotlight by Former CIA Senior Operations Officer Doug London - Just Security, 12 Jul 24

CIA Director William Burns’ high profile international diplomatic role for the Biden White House is part of a distinct change from past U.S. administrations in how to utilize intelligence and employ one of the country’s top spy chiefs. In addition to leveraging intelligence by strategically declassifying it for actionable purposes, employing the Intelligence Community and Director Burns to achieve diplomatic goals has become one of the Biden administration’s favored tools. Assessing the wisdom of this direction, like most intelligence questions, depends on limited information, dynamic variables, and the test of time. A look at the pattern of such practices shows the evolution as well as the risks and benefits. (Access here.)

What does it take to run Canada's spy agency? by Former Canadian Security Intelligence Service Officer Phil Gurski - Ottawa Citizen, 15 Jul 24

Not surprisingly, a country’s security service lives in the shadows. By definition, the techniques used to collect intelligence need to remain secret and a lot of information must stay out of the public eye. The downside, of course, is that the average citizen thinks it is all James Bond stuff (it really is not). And yet, especially over the past few decades, those who lead Canada’s security and intelligence organizations have been in the public spotlight much more than in the past. This is a sea change, in my experience. When I joined the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) in 1983, the agency was not even acknowledged as existing (I was told I would be working for “National Defence,” which made for an interesting first day on the job when I was told what I would really be doing). (Access here.)

Section IV - BOOKS, FILM, HISTORY, POP CULTURE

Books — Forthcoming, Newly Released, Overlooked

Intelligence in Democratic Transitions: A Comparative Analysis of Portugal, Greece, and Spain
by Sofia Tzamarelou
(Georgetown University Press, 01 Aug 25)

Intelligence in Democratic Transitions is a comparative examination of the democratic transitions of Portugal, Greece, and Spain starting in the 1970s. Although these three countries began their transitions around the same time, they present significantly different results. Sofia Tzamarelou discovers that main barriers to reform are legacies of the past and legacy personnel. She does this through the lens of five Security Sector Reform (SSR) indicators: Lustration, Control and Oversight, Recruitment, Targeting and Civil Society. Tzamarelou uses primary sources throughout the study, including governmental documents and legal statutes–such as draft laws, bills and presidential decrees–paired with "outside" primary source reporting, such as analysis reporting by the CIA. She complements this rich primary source material with secondary sources from authors in each country and internationally who specialize in intelligence or who provide historical context. Tzamarelou's unique comparative analysis of intelligence democratization using a common framework–SSR–applied to each country contributes to readers' understanding of why and how some reforms fail and others succeed and how the SSR framework can be used in the intelligence arena.

Purchase book here.

Lifting the Fog: The Secret History of the Dutch Defense Intelligence and Security Service (1912-2022)
by Bob de Graaf
(Rowman and Littlefield, 10 Jun 24)

Lifting the Fog: The Secret History of the Dutch Defense Intelligence and Security Service (1912-2022) is unique as a general body of knowledge about the history of the Dutch intelligence and security services since 1913. The chapters alternate between a general historical overview and a number of case studies spread out over the more-than-a-century long history that taken together give a good insight into the main functions of a middle-size military intelligence service as The Netherlands has known. The MIVD is giving the author access to the archives of the MIVD and its predecessors, which normally are closed to outsiders.

Order book here.

The Tao Of Spycraft: Intelligence Theory And Practice In Traditional China
by Ralph D. Sawyer
(Basic Books, 10 Sep 98)

In The Tao of Spycraft , for the first time anywhere Ralph Sawyer unfolds the long and venerable tradition of spycraft and intelligence work in traditional China, revealing a vast array of theoretical materials and astounding historical developments. Encompassing extensive translations of relevant portions of theoretical military manuals previously unknown in the West (such as the T'ai-pai Yin-ching, Hu-ling Ching, and Ping-fa Pai-yen ), the book spans centuries to trace the development and expansion of agent concepts, insertion and control methods, recruitment, and covert practices such as assassination, subversion, and sexual entrapment and exploitation, going on to explore counter-intelligence and all aspects of military intelligence, including objectives, analysis and interpretation.But The Tao of Spycraft is more than an examination of military tactics, it also provides a thorough overview of the history of spies in China, emphasizing their early development, ruthless employment, and dramatic success in subverting famous generals, dooming states to extinction, and facilitating the rise of the first imperial dynasty known as the Ch'in. The cases discussed-particularly those exploiting women and sex-not only became part of China's general mindset over the ages, but coupled with the theoretical writings remain the basis for the study and teaching of contemporary spycraft methods and practices as the PRC trains and aggressively deploys thousands of agents throughout the world, including the United States.

Order book here.

True Intelligence Matters on Film - Declassified: The Untold Stories of American Spies, S1 E6 - The Taliban's Double Agent - Domini Hofmann (2016)

A Taliban double agent was instrumental in securing the release of foreign nationals held hostage in Afghanistan by the Taliban.

More on this based-on-true-events production here.

Intelligence in History - A Collection of Recently Released Content

• True Spies Classics - Team Alpha - SpyScape True Spies Podcast, 08 Jul 24
• The little rocket that could: Thor in the early days at Vandenberg - The Space Review, 08 Jul 24 (Member Contribution)
• Supo's detective hunted spies by shadowing the Russians and rummaging through archives - this was a man who dedicated his career to counter-espionage - Salon Seudun Sanomat, 30 Jun 24 (Member Contribution)
• The double agent who hid D-Day from the Nazis: Elvira Chaudoir - The National Archives, 11 Jul 24
• WWI and WWII Cryptology in the Atlantic - Station HYPO, 12 Jul 24
• Duck Mission, OSS Rescuing Prisoners in China - RAND Corporation Adjunct Researcher David Phillip on LinkedIn, 13 Jul 24
• Benjamin Franklin, Espionage and Counter-Espionage - George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon, 12 Jul 24
• Admiral Grace Hopper’s landmark lecture is found, but the NSA won’t release it - MuckRock, 10 Jul 24
• From OSS to the Cold War: CIA Secrets, Spies, and Scandals (11 mins) - Cosmic Chronicles, 14 Jun 24

Infographic: Charted: The Death of Cash Transactions Around the World - Visual Capitalist, 26 Jun 24

As credit cards and digital wallets (e.g. Apple Pay, Paytm, Alipay) see increasing adoption around the world, the share of cash being used in transactions is plummeting. The chart above looks at cash as a share of transaction value in selected countries at three time periods (2019, 2023, and 2027P). Highlighted in red is cash’s projected drop from 2019 to 2027. This data showing the death of cash comes from WorldPay’s Global Payments Report 2024. (View graphic here.)

Walking Tours - "Spies of Embassy Row" and "Spies of Georgetown" - Washington, DC - Sundays (Dates/Times Vary)

Former intelligence officers guide visitors on two morning and afternoon espionage-themed walking tours: "Spies of Embassy Row" and "Spies of Georgetown." For more information and booking, click here or contact rosanna@spyher.co

Section VI - Obituaries and Classifieds

(Research Requests, Academic Opportunities, Employment)

Obituaries

Odell Lee — Former CIA NOC

Odell Bennett Lee, 84, passed away on 01 June 2024 in San Luis Obispo, CA. He was born in Louisiana and grew up in California. At sixteen, he dropped out of high school and joined the U.S. Navy. He attended undergraduate schools at San Bernardino Valley College and U.C.L.A., and graduate schools at The Johns Hopkins University - School of Advanced International Studies, and the l'Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris in Paris, France. Mr. Lee was named Woodrow Wilson Fellow, Danforth Foundation Fellow, American Political Science Association Fellow, among others. After retiring from C.I.A., Mr. Lee worked for several Department of Defense contractors and the Department of Justice National Drug Intelligence Center as a "Senior Training Analyst. Later, he formed his own consulting firm, Lee Consultants, Inc. which provided proprietary services to Fortune Five Hundred Companies, and local and federal government agencies. Mr. Lee authored a published memoir, The Formative Years of an African American Spy.

Research Requests and Academic Opportunities

• Call for Papers: African Intelligence in the Post-Colonial Era, 1960-present - Special Issue of the International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence. Africa is the second most populous continent. Unfortunately, this continent’s intelligence community is one of the most underexamined. To fill this gap, this issue will explore any country within the continent’s intelligence service and its relationship to the military, society, and external relations with partnerships with foreign governments, non-government organizations, and international organizations. The editors are particularly interested in submissions that focus on the intentionality of African governments and their security and intelligence services’ efforts to redefine the nature and functions of institutions and the environment in which they operate. They are also interested in the nature and dynamics of non-state actor intelligence, including the role of sub-state actors and private security and intelligence entities. Submissions should focus on African governments, non-state actors, individuals, and institutions as the drivers of continuity, change, and innovation within specific historical, social, political, and/or economic contexts. More information and submission instructions here. 01 Nov 24 Deadline.
• Call for paid survey input: PhD dissertation researcher paying $50 for input from current and former intelligence analysts. More details and access to the survey here.
• Call for Interviews: Kingston Trinder is a Los Angeles-based nonfiction author and documentary film and television executive who is seeking extraordinary true, untold, stories featuring unforgettable characters, and unbelievable narrative arcs. He develops compelling factual storytelling with a variety of international publishing houses and television networks, and is in search of primary source material from former intelligence officers about their lives, specific cases or projects that they can get cleared for discussion, or other aspects of working in the shadows that would be informative and entertaining for readers who live outside of that world. Please email hello@kingstontrinder.com or call (323) 570-5715.
• Call for Papers: Frontiers in African Intelligence Studies - Special Issue of the Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism. Africa faces a range of national and transnational security challenges, including from organized crime, cybercrime, terrorism, and separatism. As a result, Africa’s intelligence space is complex and involves many interlocutors and interlopers - African and non-African - pursuing a range of security interests and intelligence policy objectives. Actors include state intelligence, private intelligence, and a range of other non-state actor intelligence formations. At the same time, the role of intelligence in Africa influences security and policy in positive and negative ways. On the one hand, intelligence has informed peace support operations, contributed to thwarting transnational organized crime, and supported diplomatic engagements. On the other, intelligence has been abused to aide regime security, entrench corruption, and facilitate destabilization by external actors. This special issue will showcase research looking at how African intelligence services navigate threats and opportunities. The aim is to raise and explore fundamental questions regarding how intelligence can better inform policymakers and help them anticipate and act upon threats and opportunities in Africa and beyond. The special issue will solicit high-quality contributions from intelligence scholars as well as from scholarly policymakers. More information and submission instructions here. 01 Aug 24 Deadline.
• Call for Information: Farewell Dossier. As noted in Peter Oleson's article (The Intelligencer, Vol. 29, No. 1, Winter/Spring 2024) on the Farewell Dossier case, there is controversy about the alleged explosion of the Siberian gas pipeline. One AFIO member is investigating the issue and would like to hear from anyone who was involved in the affair and willing to comment. Please email peter.oleson@afio.com.
• Call for Papers: The Center for Cryptologic History (CCH) and the National Cryptologic Foundation (NCF) invite proposals for papers and posters to be presented at the 19th Cryptologic History Symposium on April 30-May 2, 2025. The Symposium will be held in-person at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab Kossiakoff Center in Laurel, Maryland on Wednesday, April 30 - Thursday - May 1, 2025. Following the Symposium, attendees will be given an opportunity to tour the recently renovated National Cryptologic Museum on Friday, May 2, 2025 and learn about resources available through the National Cryptologic Museum Library. Attendees may also want to consider attending the 2025 NCF General Membership Meeting (GMM) which will precede the Symposium at the Kossiakoff Center on Tuesday, April 29, 2025. More information and submission instructions here. 05 Sep 24 Deadline.
• Call for Submissions: 2024 Naval Intelligence Essay Contest - Cosponsored by the U.S. Naval Institute and Naval Intelligence Professionals. Conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East offer real-world case studies in modern technology applied to enduring conflicts. Militaries around the globe are working to gain insights from these conflicts and apply them to their own situations and national interests. At the same time, U.S. Navy leaders aspire to double down on technological change in the face of meager resources and institutional resistance. This year’s Naval Intelligence Essay Contest challenges you to think about the roles of naval intelligence in this dynamic and uncertain future. Potential themes include: How can naval intelligence most effectively sense, understand, and convey insights from current conflicts while guarding against simplistic and misleading lessons?; Has integrating naval intelligence into the information warfare community positioned it most effectively to support the future Navy?; How might widespread Navy employment of unmanned systems affect naval intelligence?; In a world in which commercial providers sell targeting-quality maritime intelligence as a service, what is the role of naval intelligence professionals in a future Navy?; What lessons does the recent real-world employment of land-based fires against maritime platforms offer for naval intelligence? 31 July 2024 deadline. More information and submission instructions here.
• Call for Online Survey Participants: Northeastern University is conducting an Institution Review Board approved research project on critical thinking skills for national security intelligence analysts and welcomes the input, via online survey, of AFIO members. Access survey here.
• Call for Information and Interview Subjects: In search of information on possible espionage activity in New York City in the WWII and post-war era to help a family investigating their heritage. Specifically looking at The Plaza (1955), Hotel Pierre (1935 through 1970), and Hotel Delmonico (1945) (now Trump Park Avenue) as well as "Office of 39" Room 3603, and the OWI (Office of War Information) (1945). Details on the Grand Central Station underground and Waldorf Astoria Secret Elevator are also of interest. Other areas of interest for any information on the following people or more generally who may be able to speak to the climate include Swiss involvement in the Abwehr, The Nestle Company 1935-1945, Reinhard Gehlen, German Soldier Thilo Von Trotha in Addis Ababa in 1948-53, Michael Wardell in London, John B. McNair, Canada, Lord Beaverbrook in Cromarty 1948-49. Contact Rosanna Minchew at Rosanna@spyher.co.
• Call for papers: Irregular Warfare Lessons Learned Since 9/11 - Department of Defense's Irregular Warfare Center (IWC) and the Foreign Policy Research Institute's (FPRI) Center for the Study of Intelligence and Nontraditional Warfare conference in Annapolis, MD 17-18 September 2024 - 01 August Deadline. The conference aims to capture lessons learned, including positive and negative examples, in the conduct of irregular warfare operations around the world by US, allied, and partner nations and non-state actors after the terrorist attacks of 9/11. Submissions should describe lessons learned from one of seven conference topics: Information Operations; Human Terrain; Logistics, Supply, and Maintenance Operations; Medical, Dental, and Veterinary Operations; Intelligence and Counterintelligence Activities; Engaging with Partner Forces; and Utilizing Local Police and Militia Forces in a Counterinsurgency. While Afghanistan and Iraq were the most prominent of the post-9/11 wars, the conference welcomes papers that draw on lessons learned from irregular warfare operations in the Philippines, Horn of Africa, the Sahel region of Africa, or elsewhere. More information here.
• Call for information: Child of former CIA officers John and Mary Mae Roman seeks information about parents' careers. John Roman, Jr. (6 Feb 1924 - 20 Nov 1997) served in Munich (1953), Saipan (1955-1959), and Addis Ababa (1959-1960). He and his family returned to the US in 1960 and settled in Vienna, VA. He retired in 1969. Mary "Mae" P. Roman's (8 August 1926 - 12 December 2013) career probably started in Saipan (1955-1959). She served mostly at CIA Hqs, but also served in Accra and Kingston before retiring in 1986. If you have any information, please contact Susan Roman Bailey at suzen27@gmail.com.
• Call for information: Paul Redmond requests members' input and suggestions for a chapter that he will be writing on Counterintelligence for the second edition of the Oxford University Handbook of National Security Intelligence (last edition published in 2010). Tentative Title: Challenges to Counterintelligence in 21st Century United States. Some examples of possible topics: Post- Ames reforms in CIA; DNI's NCIX/NCSC and its expansion into security role; leakers as a new threat; post-Cold-War cultural changes in the United States relating to USG CI and Security; post-911 concentration on terrorism perhaps at expense of CI; cyber threat from outside, cyber threat from inside (systems administrators); impacts of policy changes, such as transfer of some of CIA personnel data to OPM; impact/implications of DNI-imposed policy of "obligation to provide;" lessons learned and implemented from espionage/leak cases; impact/implementation of DNI promulgated "Insider Threat" policy; implementation by succeeding administrations of Presidential Decision Directives; effect of Congressional oversight on USG counterintelligence; impact of enhanced reporting requirements on contractors and contract employees; overall impact of the Internet and digital technologies on the CI craft; and impact of post-Cold war geopolitics on counterintelligence; impact of CIA involvement in military activities on CI; Attitudes of senior national security agencies management on CI. Published materials will be precleared with CIA's PCRB. Contact Paul Redmond at pjr@redmondfamily.net or 202-288-0671.
• Call for information: In search of information on the career of my grandmother, Priscilla Griffin de Mauduit, at OSS-CIA, 1941-1965. She worked mostly in the Washington, DC office except for 1963-1965 in Miami during the Cuban crisis. Believed to have been forging documents during WWII and did some anti-communist research in the 1950s regarding Albania. She also worked on clothing disguises and "pocket litter". I have seen her personnel file for OSS, which has only the first 10 months of her employment beginning as a gs4 assistant in the security office doing applicant background checks. She started at OSS at the age of 50 and worked 7 years past the automatic retirement age of 65. As she was multi-lingual and knew Germanic script she moved early on into forging passports for agents. Any assistance would be appreciated. Contact Sharon C. Park at sharoncpark@gmail.com.
• Call for information: AFIO member, author, and former CIA officer Michael Ard is researching the Peruvian communist terrorist group Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) and how intelligence made a difference in capturing its leaders. Anyone with information that would help with his research is asked to contact Michael at mard@jhu.edu.
• Seeking Interview Subjects: Seeking information on Czech-U.S. relationship in the late 1970s and 1980s, including StB's techniques and effectiveness, exposition and expulsion of U.S. staff in Prague; conversely frequency of U.S. finding Czech intelligence operatives on U.S. soil. Have any former StB personnel spoken publicly about their previous work? Please email viveca.novak@gmail.com.
• Seeking Interview Subjects:Current or former intelligence officers, analysts, and counterintelligence (CI) professionals with firsthand experience in dealing with Russian illegals to participate in confidential interview sessions as part of a PhD dissertation. Research Topic: The research investigates the impact of technological advancements on the operations and effectiveness of the Russian illegals program. Your insights will be invaluable in understanding the evolving landscape of espionage and informing potential countermeasures. Confidentiality: Your anonymity will be strictly protected. No identifying information will be used in the dissertation or any subsequent publications unless otherwise agreed to. However, written transcripts of the interviews will be retained for academic purposes. Eligibility: If you possess relevant experience and are willing to share your expertise in a confidential setting, please email omid.townsend@kcl.ac.uk.
• Call for Information: A documentary on the life and death of Swiss photographer Bruno Zehnder needs some help. His family members received information that Bruno may have been approached by the CIA in the 1990s to help inform on Russian research activity in Antarctica. Bruno died whilst on a 1997 expedition there at Mirny under questionable circumstances as he was dubbed ' the western spy' on board. We are looking for anyone who may have any information in Bruno or more generally who may be able to speak to the climate between Russia and the CIA in the 19980s/90s regarding adhering to the scientific treaty and the race to be the first to breach Lake Vostok. Contact Thomas Whitmore at Naomi.harvey@clockworkfilms.tv.
• Call For Articles: AFIO's Journal, The Intelligencer. AFIO seeks authors for its section on "When Intelligence Made a Difference" in the semi-annual Intelligencer journal. Topics of interest for which we are seeking authors include:
  
  - The breaking of the Nazi U-boat SHARK encryption system.
  - How A.Q. Khan's nuclear proliferation efforts were uncovered and stopped.
  - How US intelligence found Usama Bin Laden in Abbottobad, Pakistan.
  - How US intelligence discovered the Soviet's high speed Shkval torpedo.
  - Intelligence and the rescue of Scott O'Grady.
  - The hunt for Pablo Escobar.
  - How National Technical Means (NTM) have been used for environmental purposes (MEDEA Program).
  - Other topics are also welcome.
  
  Interested authors can contact The Intelligencer's senior editor, Peter Oleson, at peter.oleson@afio.com

Jobs

• 2 Assistant Professors in Intelligence and Security - Institute of Security and Global Affairs, University of Leiden - Netherlands

The successful candidates will have demonstrable research records in themes related to the vacancy and strong teaching background in intelligence and security, or a related field, as well as in topics related to the Institute’s Bachelor’s and Master’s programme offerings. The candidate will be expected to teach across several programmes in the Institute, notably the master’s programme Crisis and Security Management and the bachelor programme Security Studies, and our minor in Intelligence Studies. The positions are aimed at strengthening the Institute’s teaching, research and grant-acquisition capacities in a phase of growth and exciting interdisciplinary research opportunities. Full details on qualifications, duties, and application here.

• Senior Director - Arkin Group - New York, NY

The Arkin Group is seeking candidates for a Senior Director position. We are a boutique global strategic intelligence firm that is based in New York and the clients we serve are financial institutions, law firms, tech companies and industrials, among others. The ideal candidate is someone with an intelligence background that includes experience working with sources in the field as well as strong analytical, writing and communication skills, and project management expertise. The position requires working well both collaboratively and independently. An advanced degree, several years of applicable experience in the government or commercial space and foreign language skills are preferred. If interested, please send a CV and writing sample to info@thearkingroup.com.

• Research Associate - Arkin Group - New York, NY

The Arkin Group is seeking candidates for a Research Associate position. We are a boutique global strategic intelligence firm that is based in New York and the clients we serve are financial institutions, law firms, tech companies and industrials, among others. The ideal candidate is someone with extremely strong research, writing and communication skills who can work both collaboratively and independently and has a demonstrated interest in geopolitics. A bachelor’s degree is required. Experience studying or working abroad and foreign language skills are preferred. If interested, please send a CV and writing sample info@thearkingroup.com.

• Assistant Professor of Intelligence Studies - Mercyhurst University - Erie, Pennsylvania

Mercyhurst University in Erie, PA, invites applications for the position of Assistant Professor of Intelligence Studies in the School of Intelligence, Computing and Global Politics. The position is at the Erie campus and begins Fall Semester 2024. Successful candidates will teach introductory and applied courses in Crime and Law Enforcement intelligence analysis at the undergraduate and graduate levels, in addition to the ability to teach undergraduate or graduate courses in: Leadership in Intelligence; Advanced Analytic Techniques; Intelligence Collection and Analysis. Additional information and application instructions here.

• Associate Professor and Chair of National Security - University of New Haven, Connecticut

The Department of National Security invites nominations and applications for a tenured Full/Associate Professor and Chair of National Security. The department includes a dynamic undergraduate program encompassing four distinct bachelor's degrees (Security & Defense Policy, Intelligence Analysis, Homeland Security, and International Affairs), a robust master's degree program, and several practitioner-oriented certificates. Qualifications: A terminal degree in national security, public policy, political science, or related field is required; Ph.D. preferred. The successful applicant will have a record of teaching excellence at the university level, established catalog of academic publications, and an innovative research agenda. Applicants should also possess experience in university-level service and leadership. The department is particularly interested in candidates with policymaking experience in national security at either the federal, state, or local level. Tenurable Assistant Professors may also be considered in accordance with the aforementioned qualifications. Application Instructions: Please submit a brief cover letter explaining teaching experience and philosophy, publication record, practitioner-oriented experience (if applicable), CV, and the name and contact information for three references. Applicants may also include up to 3 artifacts of teaching ability (examples include syllabi, student evaluations, learning exercises, assignments, or other feedback) that illustrate teaching experience. All materials should be submitted online via interfolio link: https://apply.interfolio.com/138857 and indicate position search #24-26F in the subject line. For additional information, feel free to contact Search Committee Chair, Dr. Jeffrey Treistman at jtreistman@newhaven.edu.

• Wanted: Former intelligence officers to lead spy-themed walking tours in Washington D.C. - Spyher Tours

These are 90-120 minute historical tours with an interactive "operational" component. Most tours start at 10am on select Thursdays-Sundays. The immediate opportunity is for dates in March, but additional opportunities are available through June, and new opportunities are likely to become available throughout the year. This is a fun way to get back out on the streets, engage/educate the public on the world of espionage, and make some extra cash. The next opportunities to see a tour in action (and train before the Spring rush) are Sunday 2/18 and Sunday 3/3. Please contact Rosanna at 571-236-9052 or rosanna@spyher.co. Visit https://spyher.co.

• Wanted: Retired Federal Government Employees - NSA - Fort Meade, Maryland

The National Security Agency (NSA) may occasionally need skilled civilian retirees to augment the existing work force on high priority projects or programs. In order to fill these temporary positions quickly, we need to know who may be interested and available to return to work with us on a short notice basis as well as their skills. Retired federal government employees at NSA provide expertise and corporate knowledge to temporarily support mission requirements, manpower shortfalls, and/or mentor the next generation of Agency employees. Applications accepted until 30 September 2024.

Additional information and application here.

• Assistant/Associate Professor of Intelligence Studies (Global Security and Intelligence Studies) - Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Prescott, Arizona

Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University's Prescott, Arizona campus is accepting applications for a tenure-track assistant or associate-level professor of intelligence studies to teach intelligence courses to students in the Global Security and Intelligence program. The successful candidate will teach students about the intelligence community, strategic intelligence, the intelligence cycle and intelligence analysis, writing, and briefing. Prior experience working in the intelligence community is strongly preferred. We are interested in candidates with teaching acumen in intelligence analysis and writing using structured analytical techniques.

Additional information and application here.

Section VI - Events

AFIO Events

18 Jul 24, 1130 (MT) - In-Person, Colorado Springs, CO - The AFIO Rocky Mountain Chapter hosts Bill Berry discussing "Philippines-China Territorial Conflict in the South China Sea and Possible U.S. Involvement." Abstract: There is another potentially contentious issue, besides Taiwan, that involves conflicting claims in the South China Sea between the Philippines and China. Unlike the relationship between Taiwan and the U.S., the U.S. and the Philippines have a Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT) negotiated in 1951 that remains in effect. Recently, China and the Philippines have engaged in increasing hostile actions in the South China Sea. China has used a variety of "grey zone" activities in the effort to intimidate the Philippines. The Biden administration has made it clear that its position is that the MDT applies to these conflicting claims. Consequently, the security relationship between the Philippines and United States has been enhanced. This presentation will explore the history of this potential conflict and possible outcomes. Bio: William E. Berry, Jr. is a retired Air Force colonel whose 30-year career included assignments in Vietnam (1969-70), the Philippines (1973-75), the Republic of Korea (1984-86), and Malaysia (1990-93). A Cornell PhD, he taught at the Air Force Academy, the National War College, and the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies. He is the author of two books: U.S. Bases in the Philippines: The Evolution of the Special Relationship and Global Security Watch Korea. For further information, contact Anthony Leto.

30 Jul 24, 1900 (PT) - Former CIA Director General David Petraeus on challenges in Ukraine and across the Middle East - In-Person - Yorba Linda, CA - AFIO Los Angeles Chapter.
Location: Nixon Presidential Library & Museum, 18001 Yorba Linda Blvd, Yorba Linda, CA 92886. Following the presentation, we will meet at 2030 hours for dinner at Chilis Grill (18380 Yorba Linda Blvd.). If you plan to attend, please RSVP here. Questions? Contact Vincent Autiero, President, AFIO-Los Angeles Chapter, at afio_la@yahoo.com

01 Aug 24, 1800 (PT) - Director, Missile Defense Agency Lt Gen Heath Collins on the Missile Defense Agency - its responsibilities, its challenges and opportunities, and the importance of what the MDA does every day for our nation's security - In-Person - Simi Valley, CA - AFIO-Los Angeles Chapter.
Location: Ronald Reagan Presidential Museum & Center, 40 Presidential Drive, Simi Valley CA 93065. More details to follow. If you plan to attend, please RSVP here. Questions? Contact Vincent Autiero, President, AFIO-Los Angeles Chapter, at afio_la@yahoo.com

Mon, 5 Aug 2024, noon (CT) - San Antonio TX - In-Person - The AFIO San Antonio TX Chapter features video interview with Chip Beck, USN on "CIA Special Operations in Cambodia" and on Impact of Houthi Attack Boats on Red Sea Shipping. The first part of the program will be a video interview with Chip Beck, a US Naval officer turned CIA Special Operations Officer working in Cambodia. He has written a book about the last days as he and Cambodian allies fought the Khmer Rouge in this secret war in Cambodia. The non-fiction book is titled Final Days of Heroes. The second part of the program will be a look at the technology and impact of Houthi attack boats which have sunk one oil tanker and damaged several other civilian ships attempting to move into the Red Sea.
Location: The Road Runner Lounge of The Towers at the Blue Skies Texas West complex, 5100 John D Ryan Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78245. Program starts at noon. All Blue Skies residents are encouraged to attend. AFIO Members attending should identify themselves to the Blue Skies gate guard as coming for the intelligence meeting in the Roadrunner Lounge at The Towers. AFIO members attending should park in front of The Towers. You may come early and have lunch in the dining room adjacent to the Roadrunner Lounge. Please pay with a credit card.
Questions to John Franklin, President, AFIO San Antonio Chapter or call 210 863-0430.

Fri, 4 Oct 2024, 11 am (ET) - McLean VA In-Person - AFIO National Fall Luncheon: JJ Green, WTOP, Morning Speaker; Afternoon Speaker TBA - Hold the date. Registration opens here 1 August. 11 a.m. Morning speaker: J.J. Green, National Security Correspondent, WTOP; 1 p.m. Afternoon speaker: TBA. Schedule: Lunch served noon to 1 p.m. Event ends at 2:00 p.m. Luncheon prices are $60 for Members; $75 for nonmember guests and all Subscribers. Payment by credit card required at time of registration. No mailed checks or "at door" payments accepted or permitted.
Registration opens here 1 August. Registration closes 5 p.m., Friday, 27 September 2024.
Check-in and badge pickup for Registered Attendees begins 10:30 a.m. NO registrations or walk-ins at hotel. No payments by cash or check or onsite registrations at venue.
Cancellation Schedule: AFIO must commit to the hotel facilities and regrets it must charge a cancellation fee. No cancellations with refund after 21 September. Any cancellations 21 September to date of event will be converted to donation to AFIO. Cancellations after 27 September are not donations because your meal has been guaranteed at hotel per event contract. Thank you for your understanding. All attendees must be members of AFIO or accompanied by a current member. For security reasons, we are unable to accept late or last minute substitutions for non-attendance or changes in your guests.
Questions regarding this event to events@afio.com

Events from Advertisers, Corporate Sponsors, Others

29 Jul 2024, 1300-1400 (BST) – Online – Former GCHQ Director Robert Hannigan on CI and Learning from the Secret World - Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), U.K.

Counter-Intelligence, by Robert Hannigan, explores the role of the intelligence services in history and contemporary society, from the codebreakers and problem-solvers to innovation and creativity, secrecy, transparency and the global tech community. The book traces the history of counter-intelligence, while reflecting on some of the unique characteristics of the engineers, mathematicians and scientists who make up the world’s intelligence community. In this wide-ranging conversation, Mr Hannigan will discuss events from the early days of Bletchley Park to the ongoing work of GCHQ. He will also explain how the world of secret intelligence can provide insights into tackling problems in life and business. The webinar will be moderated by Gill Bennett, RUSI Senior Associate Fellow and former Chief Historian, Foreign and Commonwealth Office. More information and registrations here.

20 Aug 24, 0900-1000 (ET) – Virtual – Beyond the Big Six: The Pivotal Roles of Lesser Known IC Agencies - INSA, Online

Join us for a panel discussion focused on the operations of some of the smaller U.S. intelligence agencies. Moderated by The Hon. Sue Gordon, topics for discussion include: Supporting nuanced agency operations; What collection and analysis look like in their unique space; How they engage in interagency coordination and with international partners; and more! Plus, there will be ample time for audience Q&A! More information and free registration here.

27-28 Aug 2024 – In Person – Intelligence & National Security Summit - INSA, Bethesda, MD

Join nearly 2,000 government, academic, and industry leaders at #IntelSumit24, the nation's premier unclassified conference focused on critical intelligence and national security issues. The powerful, two-day program taking place on August 27-28 at the Bethesda North Marriott Hotel and Conference Center, includes five plenaries, six breakout sessions, and an exhibit hall packed with the latest technology and service innovations. More information and registration here.

30 Apr - 02 May 2025 – In Person – Cryptologic History Symposium - National Cryptological Foundation and NSA Center for Cryptologic History, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland

Since 1990, the Cryptologic History Symposium has served as an opportunity to present historical scholarship found in unclassified and declassified cryptologic records and engage in discussion about their significance to history. The event is an occasion for historians and those interested in history to gather for reflection and debate on relevant and important topics from the cryptologic past. Regular speakers include historians from CCH, the Intelligence Community, the defense establishment, the military services, scholars from American and international academic institutions, veterans of the cryptologic profession, graduate and undergraduate students, and noted authors. Past symposia have featured scholarship that set out new ways to consider our cryptologic heritage. The conference provides many opportunities to interact with leading historians and other experts. The mix of practitioners, scholars, and interested observers guarantees a lively debate that promotes an enhanced appreciation for past events and their applicability to current and future issues. More information and registration here.

Gifts for Friends, Colleagues, Self

Gray long-sleeved polo shirts with embroidered AFIO logo. Men's sizes only.
Show your support for AFIO with our new Gray Long-sleeve Polo Shirts. Shirts are shrink and wrinkle resistant of fine cotton with a soft, "well-worn, comfy" yet substantial feel. They feature a detailed embroidered AFIO seal. Get a shirt for yourself and consider as gifts for colleagues, family, and friends. Only $60 each including shipping.
Sizes for men, only: Small, Medium, Large, XL, XXL, and XXXL.  $60 per shirt. Order this and other store items online here.

20 oz ceramic Mug with color glazed logo. Made in America. Check out our new tapered, sleek AFIO coffee mug!! This handsome 20 oz. ceramic mug is made in the USA, has a white matte exterior, sports a beautiful navy-blue interior, and is dishwasher safe.  Order yours today! $35 per mug includes shipping to a CONUS address. [includes shipping to U.S. based address, only. For foreign shipments, we will contact you with a quote.] SHIPPING: For shipment to a U.S.-based CONUS address, shipping is included in price. For purchases going to AK, HI, other US territories, Canada, or other foreign countries the shipping fees need to be calculated, so please call our office M-F 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. ET at 703-790-0320 or email afio@afio.com providing following information: 1) your name, 2) mailing address (or addresses where each gift item will be shipped), 3) name of the AFIO store items you wish to purchase, 4) quantity of each, 5) your credit card number and expiration date, 6) amount (except for additional of shipping fees) authorized to charge, and 7) your phone number and email should we have questions. Foreign shipments fees will be calculated and estimates emailed to you, awaiting your approval.  Order this and other store items online here.

Black short-sleeved polo shirts with Embroidered AFIO logo
Show your support for AFIO with our new Black Short-sleeve Polo Shirts. Shirts are shrink and wrinkle resistant of fine cotton with a soft, "well-worn, comfy" yet substantial feel. They feature a detailed embroidered AFIO seal. Get a shirt for yourself and consider as gifts for colleagues, family, and friends. Only $50 each including shipping.
Sizes for (M) men, only; Small, Medium, Large, XL, XXL, and XXXL. $50 per shirt.
You may pay by check or credit card. Complete your order online here or mail an order along with payment to: AFIO, 7600 Leesburg Pike, Ste 470 East, Falls Church, VA 22043-2004. Phone orders at 703-790-0320. Questions? Contact Annette at: annettej@afio.com.

PopSocket for cellphones or tablets
Show your support to AFIO while enjoying the convenience offered by our AFIO Logo PopSocket. The PopSocket is most commonly used as a stand and as a grip for your mobile phone or tablet; handy for taking selfies, watching videos, and for texting. The PopSocket looks like a small button or sticker which, when closed, sticks flat to your mobile device. However, its accordion-like design enables it to pop open for use. The benefits of using a PopSocket make it a must-have accessory for your mobile phone or tablet. It also aids in keeping your phone from slipping off your hand during use, falling, or breaking.
Price: $15. Order this and other store items online here.

Duffel Bags - Royal Blue and Black with Full Color AFIO Logo This duffel has it all when it comes to value, style and organization.
600 denier polyester canvas with polyester double contrast; D-shaped zippered entry for easy access. Front pocket with hook and loop closure. End mesh pocket Easy-access end pockets. Four durable, protective feet and built-in bottom board for added strength. Web handles with padded grip. Detachable, adjustable shoulder strap.
Dimensions: 11"h x 19.75"w x 9.75"d; Approx. 2,118 cubic inches
Price: $50. Order this and other store items online here.

Caps - Dark Navy with Navy AFIO Logo
An authentic silhouette with the comfort of an unstructured, adjustable fit. Fabric: 100% cotton. Unstructured. Fabric strap closure with adjustable D-clip. Price: $30. Order this and other store items online here.

AFIO's Guide to the Study of Intelligence...and...When Intelligence Made a Difference

"AFIO's Guide to the AFIO's Guide to the Study of Intelligence has sold out in hard-copy.
It is available in digital form in its entirety on the AFIO website here.
Also available on the website here are the individual articles of AFIO's history project "When Intelligence Made a Difference" that have been published to date in The Intelligencer journal. More articles will be appear in future editions.

PUBLISHED IN 2023—Be informed on career opportunities in the U.S. Intelligence Community

Intelligence as a Career - with updated listings of colleges teaching intelligence courses, and Q&As on needed foreign languages, as well as the courses, grades, extracurricular activities, and behavioral characteristics and life experiences sought by modern U.S. intelligence agencies.

AFIO's popular 47-page booklet reaches thousands of high school, college students, university guidance offices, and distributed in classes teaching intelligence, to help those considering careers in the U.S. Intelligence Community.
This is the fifth edition.
The publication is also popular with University Career Guidance Centers, professors and academic departments specializing in national security, and parents assisting children or grandchildren in choosing meaningful, public service careers.
This booklet is provided online as a public service from the generosity of AFIO board, volunteer editors/writers, donors, and members.
We thank all for their support which makes this educational effort possible.
Careers Booklet (2023 Fifth Edition) can be read or downloaded here

Some features of the email version of the WIN do not work for readers who have chosen the Plaintext Edition, some AOL users, and readers who access their email using web mail. You may request to change from Plaintext to HTML format here afio@afio.com. For the best reading experience, the latest web edition can be found here: https://www.afio.com/pages/currentwin.htm

To unsubscribe from the WIN email list, please click the "UNSUBSCRIBE" link at the bottom of the email. If you did not subscribe to the WIN and are not a member, you received this product from a third party in violation of AFIO policy. Please forward to afio@afio.com the entire message that you received and we will remove the sender from our membership and distribution lists.