AFIO Weekly Intelligence Notes #17-09 dated 12 May 2009

Section I - INTELLIGENCE HIGHLIGHTS

Former Argentine Intelligence Chief in Court. Former head of Argentina's Intelligence Service Hugo Anzorreguy has appeared in court in connection with the 1994 bombing of a Jewish center in Buenos Aires.

According to Argentinian daily La Nacion, Hugo Anzorreguy's hearing lasted only a few minutes as Anzorreguy declined to answer any questions.

In a written statement, he rejected having any connection with the bombing of the Argentine Israeli Mutual Association (AMIA) Jewish Community Center, which left 85 dead and wounded more than 200 others.

Anzorreguy, as well as former president Carlos Menem, former judge Juan Jose Galeano are charged with having diverted the investigation away from the 'Syrian track' in connection with the case, which occurred during Menem's term.

In October 2006, Argentine prosecutors accused the Iranian government of masterminding the bombing, and the Hezbollah movement of carrying it out. Consequently, a warrant was issued for the arrests of 12 Iranians.

The Islamic Republic of Iran and the Hezbollah movement have both dismissed any involvement in the bombing.

The latest charge comes while the case has remained unsolved over the years due to "incompetence" and "cover-ups". Although the investigation in the 1990s did identify suspects, no one was ever tried. [PressTV/5May2009] 

Extremists Said To Be Eyeing Somalia As New Base. There is growing evidence that battle-hardened extremists are filtering out of safe havens along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border and into East Africa, bringing sophisticated terror tactics that include suicide attacks.

The shift, according to U.S. military and counterterrorism officials, fuels concern that Somalia, in particular, could become the next Afghanistan - a sanctuary where al-Qaeda-linked groups could train and plan attacks against the West.

So far, officials say, the number of foreign fighters who have moved from southwest Asia and the Afghanistan-Pakistan border region to the Horn of Africa is small, perhaps two to three dozen.

But a similarly small cell of plotters was responsible for the devastating 1998 bombings of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.

The cluster of extremists now believed to be operating inside East Africa could pass on sophisticated training and attack techniques gleaned from seven years at war against the United States and its allies in Iraq and Afghanistan, U.S. officials said.

"There is a level of activity that is troubling, disturbing," said Gen. William "Kip" Ward, head of U.S. Africa Command. "When you have these vast spaces that are just not governed, it provides a haven for support activities, for training to occur."

Ward added that U.S. officials already were seeing extremist factions in East Africa sharing information and techniques.

Several military and counterterrorism officials who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive intelligence matters cautioned that the movements of the al-Qaeda extremists did not suggest they were abandoning the ungoverned Pakistan border region as a safe haven.

Instead, the officials view the shift more as an expansion of al-Qaeda's influence.

Last month, Osama bin Laden - who spent five years in Sudan before he was expelled in 1996 and relocated to Afghanistan - made it clear in an audiotape that al-Qaeda has set its sights on Somalia, an impoverished, lawless country in the Horn of Africa.

In the 11-minute tape released to Internet sites, bin Laden is heard urging Somalis to overthrow their new moderate Islamist president and to support their jihadist "brothers" in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, and the Palestinian territories.

Officials said that in recent years they have seen signs that terror techniques bearing al-Qaeda's signature are gaining ground in East Africa. The harbingers include coordinated suicide bombings in Somalia in October.

In the past, officials said, suicide attacks had tended to be frowned on by African Muslims.

But on Oct. 29, 2008, suicide bombers killed more than 20 people in five attacks in Somalia, targeting a U.N. compound, the Ethiopian consulate, the presidential palace in Somaliland's capital, and two intelligence facilities in Puntland.

The incident also marked the first time that a U.S. citizen - a young Somalian man from Minneapolis - carried out a suicide bombing.

The foreign fighters moving into East Africa complicate an already-rising crescendo of threats in the region. Those threats have come from the Somalia-based al-Shabab extremist Islamic faction and from al-Qaeda in East Africa, a small, hard-core group also known by the acronym EEAQ.

While not yet considered an al-Qaeda franchise, EEAQ has connections to the top terror leaders and was implicated in the August 1998 embassy bombings in Tanzania and Kenya that killed 225 people.

Al-Qaeda has the skills while al-Shabab has the manpower, said one senior military official familiar with the region. The scenario could become even more worrisome, the officials said, if the foreign fighters transplant their skills at bomb-making and insurgency tactics to the training camps in East Africa. [Baldor/PhiladelphiaEnquirer/29April2009] 

Cyber-Command May Help Protect Civilian Networks. The Pentagon is considering whether to create a new cyber-command that would oversee government efforts to protect the military's computer networks and would also assist in protecting the civilian government networks, according to the head of the National Security Agency.

The new command would be headquartered at Fort Meade, the NSA's director, Lt. Gen. Keith B. Alexander, told the House Armed Services terrorism subcommittee.

Alexander, who is a front-runner to assume control of the command if it is created, said its focus would be to better protect the U.S. military's computers by marrying the offensive and defensive capabilities of the military and the NSA.

Through the command, the NSA would also provide technical support to the Department of Homeland Security, which is in charge of protecting civilian networks and helps safeguard the energy grid and other critical infrastructure from cyber-attack, Alexander said.

He stressed that the NSA does not want to run or operate the civilian networks, but help Homeland Security improve its efforts.

His remarks come as the White House is preparing to release a report based on a review of the government's cyber-security initiatives. The cyber-command idea was raised in a letter last year by then-Director of National Intelligence Mike McConnell to Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates.

As proposed by the Pentagon, the command would fall under the U.S. Strategic Command, which is tasked with defending against attacks on vital interests.

The NSA, which drew fire for its role in the Bush administration's program to monitor without a warrant Americans' e-mails and phone calls, has "phenomenal depth and expertise far beyond what is there at DHS," said Amit Yoran, a former top DHS cyber-security official now in the private sector.

But Yoran cautioned that the effort must be transparent. "DHS needs to be very, very cautious about its participation in a program like that because you could fundamentally erode the trust DHS needs in order to be successful in its broader security mission."

Any effort involving the NSA that goes beyond protecting the military networks requires careful legal analysis, he said.

Alexander said a host of questions must be resolved for the military and intelligence community to broaden their partnerships with other entities. "What is the framework for sharing threat signatures that are classified? How do we do it at network speed so that it's defensible? What's that legal framework and what's that operational framework? Those are areas that technically are easier to do than to set the legal framework up."

Already, he said, DHS officials have been invited to see how the NSA runs its cyber-security, he said. The idea would be to formalize that partnership.

"We could say, 'Here's the path we're going down,' " he said. "They can choose their own path, but at least they know one that's been tried and the problems and issues we've had."

To truly address the cyber-threat, the military must boost its partnership with the private sector as well as with DHS, he said at the hearing.

But the path forward has obstacles, he acknowledged. Say the NSA discovers a malicious computer code that an adversary is using, he said. If the government shares that classified information with, say, the antivirus industry, "how do we ensure that it's not given out so widely that our adversaries have it?" he said. [Nakashima/WashingtonPost/5May2009] 

Georgia Arrests Ex-diplomat For Spying For Moscow. Georgia said it had arrested one of its top former diplomats on espionage charges and said he had been providing detailed military intelligence to Moscow.

Vakhtang Maisaia, a former deputy head of the Georgian Foreign Ministry's North Atlantic Treaty Organization department and diplomat at Georgia's NATO mission in Brussels, was arrested Tuesday, the Interior Ministry said in a statement.

"Maisaia was cooperating with foreign intelligence services," the statement said, adding that he was passing on information on "the current military, political and economic situation" in the country.

In a televised briefing with military chiefs, President Mikhail Saakashvili said Maisaia had caused "serious damage" to Georgia during its war last year with Russia.

"He was recruited several years ago by the Russian secret services. His activities caused serious damage to Georgia. During the war last August, every two hours he was transmitting information to the Russians about the location and movements of the Georgian army," Saakashvili said, adding that Maisaia had confessed.

Interior Ministry spokesman Shota Utiashvili said his arrest wasn't connected with a brief military mutiny Tuesday that Georgia initially accused Russia of backing.

The Foreign Ministry said Maisaia retired in early 2008. He faces up to 12 years in prison if convicted, the Interior Ministry said. [DowJones/6May2009] 

Exposed: MI5's Secret Deals in Camp X-Ray. MI5 secretly tried to hire British men held in Guantanamo Bay and other US prison camps by promising to protect them from their American captors and help secure their return home to the United Kingdom. 

One of the men, Richard Belmar, was told he would be paid "well" for his services if he was willing to work undercover for MI5. A second detainee, Bisher Al Rawi, was told that if he agreed to work for the security service he would be "freed within months".

Three other detainees were threatened with rendition and harsh detention regimes if they did not co-operate with their British and American interrogators.

But MI5 failed to honor the promises made by its agents, a former agent has told The Independent.

The source, who is close to the MI5 officers who conducted the interviews, has confirmed that "assurances" had been given to the British men while they were held in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Guantanamo Bay. But he said that senior officers in London had cleared the actions of its own officers but later reneged on the promises. This is backed up by sworn testimony lodged in the High Court from the former detainees.

The clandestine recruitment operation was being pursued at the same time that the British Government was supporting American claims that those held at the notorious US naval base represented a serious threat to world security.

Edward Davey, the Liberal Democrats' spokesman on foreign affairs, said: "These allegations show the extent of MI5's involvement with those people who were illegally abducted and held in Guantanamo Bay. It's increasingly clear that Britain must have known much more about American practices at Guantanamo Bay, including water-boarding, than they are prepared to admit."

According to papers before the High Court two MI5 officers, known as "Andrew and Officer B" tried to recruit Mr. Belmar while he was held by the Americans in Pakistan in 2002.

He was told that he would have to attend training courses at Thames House, the headquarters of MI5 in London. And in April 2002 "Andrew and officer B" informed Mr. Belmar that he would be returning to England in seven days' time. Mr. Belmar says on hearing this news he was "extremely relieved and started counting down the days". But on the day of his "releases" he was handed over to US military officers and later transferred to Guantanamo Bay.

Bisher Al Rawi claims that MI5 officers visited him at the US naval base in Cuba to offer him a job working for the security services after his release.

The two officers, who called themselves "Martin and Matt", told him they had "specifically come to see you". The court case alleges: "Mr. Al Rawi's shackles and handcuffs were completely removed during this meeting and Martin and Matt brought Mr. Al Rawi a McDonald's meal. They asked Mr. Al Rawi a number of questions, showed him photographs of individuals they were interested in, and had a lengthy discussion with him. During the meeting a request was made by the men to Mr. Al Rawi that he would work for the security services upon being released. They promised that if he agreed he would be released within a few months. Mr. Al Rawi agreed to these terms."

The court papers allege that another man, Omar Deghayes, was approached by MI5 while he was detained in Afghanistan in the summer of 2002. The agent, who gave his name as "Andrew", assured Mr. Deghayes that if "he helped him and the United States interrogators he would go back home". On the basis of Andrew's assurance, Mr. Deghayes agreed to answer Andrew's questions, it is claimed. Similar claims over British assurances are made by Moazzam Begg, the former Guantanamo inmate who was released in 2005.

All five men, and two other former Guantanamo detainees, are seeking compensation from the Foreign Office, the Home Office, MI5 and MI6 and the Attorney General.

A spokesman for the Foreign and Commonwealth Office said that the Government could not comment on on-going legal proceedings. [Independent/6May2009] 

Pentagon's Black Budget Grows to More Than $50 Billion. The Pentagon wants to spend just over $50 billion on classified programs next year, newly-released Defense Department budget documents reveal.

All in all, about seven and a half percent of the Defense Department's total spending is now classified.

Many of the secret budgets still remain clandestine. In the research budget, the line item for a "Special Program" of the super-secret National Security Agency is a string of zeros. Same goes for an NSA "Cyber Security Initiative" kitty. And don't even ask about NSA's "Intelligence Support to Information Operations" account. That's a blank slate, too.

Some other fun facts, buried in the Pentagon's just-released budget docs:

* Money for "Directed Energy Technology" - real-life ray gun research - jumps from $62.7 million last year to $105.7 million in 2010.

* Cash for "Prompt Global Strike Capability Development" - weapons that can hit anywhere on the planet, in just a few hours - jumps from $74.1 million to $166.9 million.

* The high-flying Global Hawk drones get an extra $486.8 million.

* The Office of the Secretary of Defense is pushing $75 million in new alt-fuel and alt-power projects - from "Landfill Gas Energy Capture" to a "Tactical, Deployable Micro-Grid."

* The Maui Space Surveillance System gets a major downgrade, from $36.3 million to a mere $5.8 million. Aloha, space-watchers!

The mostly classified plan would include new, redesigned "electro-optical" satellites, which collect data from across the electromagnetic spectrum, as well as the expanded use of commercial satellite imagery. Although the cost is secret, most estimates place it in the multibillion-dollar range. [Shactman/Wired/8May2009] 

Justice Department Finds Flaws in F.B.I. Terror List. The Federal Bureau of Investigation has incorrectly kept nearly 24,000 people on a terrorist watch list on the basis of outdated or sometimes irrelevant information, while missing people with genuine ties to terrorism who should have been on the list, according to a Justice Department report.

The report said the mistakes posed a risk to national security, because of the failure to flag actual terrorism suspects, and an unnecessary nuisance for nonsuspects who may be questioned at traffic stops or kept from boarding airplanes.

By the beginning of 2009, the report said, this consolidated government watch list comprised about 400,000 people, recorded as 1.1 million names and aliases, an exponential growth from the days before the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001.

Among the list's uses is the screening of people entering the country, and intelligence officials say it has allowed agencies to work together to prevent the type of breakdown that allowed two of the Sept. 11 hijackers to get into the United States even though they were known to the Central Intelligence Agency for their terrorist ties.

But the new report, by the office of the Justice Department's inspector general, provides the most authoritative statistical account to date of the problems connected with the list. An earlier report by the inspector general, released in March 2008, looked mainly at flaws in the system, without an emphasis on the number of people caught up in it.

The list has long been a target of public criticism, particularly after well-publicized errors in which politicians including Senator Edward M. Kennedy and Representative John Lewis showed up on it. People with names similar to actual terrorists have complained that it can take months to be removed from the list, and civil liberties advocates charge that antiwar protesters, Muslim activists and others have been listed for political reasons.

The new report from the inspector general, Glenn A. Fine, looked mainly at the F.B.I., which took the lead in 2004 for maintaining the newly consolidated list for all agencies throughout the government.

One of the biggest problems identified in the report was the use of outdated information, or material unconnected to terrorism, to keep people on the bureau's own terror watch list, which is incorporated in the consolidated list. The report, examining nearly 69,000 referrals to the F.B.I. list that were either brought or processed by the bureau, found that 35 percent of those people, both Americans and foreigners, remained on the list despite inadequate justification.

In some cases, it said, subjects of F.B.I. investigations that had been closed years earlier without action either were never removed from watch lists or were not removed in a timely fashion.

Potentially even more problematic were the cases of people who were not listed despite evidence of terrorist ties.

The inspector general looked at a sampling of 216 F.B.I. terrorism investigations and found that in 15 percent of them, a total of 35 subjects were not referred to the list even though they should have been.

In one case, for instance, a Special Forces soldier was investigated and ultimately convicted of stealing some 16,500 rounds of ammunition, C-4 explosives and other mat�riel from Afghanistan and shipping them to the United States in what investigators suspected might be the makings of a domestic terrorist plot. Yet the suspect was not placed on the watch list until nearly five months after the investigation opened.

"We believe that the F.B.I.'s failure to consistently nominate subjects of international and domestic terrorism investigations to the terrorist watch list could pose a risk to national security," the inspector general said.

Caroline Fredrickson, director of the Washington legislative office of the American Civil Liberties Union, said her group's monitoring of watch lists indicated that the problems identified at the F.B.I. were endemic to the entire system.

"What this report really shows is that on both ends, the lists are really overinclusive and underinclusive," Ms. Fredrickson said in an interview. "With 1.1 million names, there's all sorts of problems that have larded it up, and the whole thing just really needs to be torn down and start a new system."

The F.B.I. said Wednesday that it had already adopted all 16 of the inspector general's recommendations for improving watch list operations, including better training and faster processing of referrals.

The bureau said in a statement that "we remain committed to improving our watch list policy and practices to ensure the proper balance between national security protection and the need for accurate, efficient and streamlined watch-listing processes." [Lichtblau/NewYorkTimes/7May2009] 

Iranian Nuclear Work Unhindered by Sanctions, CIA Report Says. A CIA report concluded that international sanctions have not significantly slowed work at Iran's Natanz uranium enrichment complex.

"During the reporting period [2008], Iran continued to expand its nuclear infrastructure and continued uranium enrichment and activities related to its heavy-water research reactor, despite multiple United Nations Security Council Resolutions since late 2006 calling for the suspension of those activities," says the report, which was authored by the CIA Weapons Intelligence, Nonproliferation and Arms Control Center and endorsed by the National Intelligence Council.

The report reasserts a 2007 intelligence conclusion that Iran halted its formal nuclear-weapon design and development efforts in 2003, but says that "we do not know whether Tehran currently intends to develop nuclear weapons" although it was probably weighing the option. The Middle Eastern state has said its nuclear ambitions are strictly peaceful.

Iran generated roughly 1,220 pounds of low-enriched uranium last year, a "significant" boost from the estimated 165 pounds produced in 2007, CIA analysts said in the report. Low-enriched uranium can serve as nuclear power plant fuel, but Iran could produce nuclear-weapon material if it continued running the material through its enrichment centrifuges.

The CIA criticized China for proliferating weapon-usable technologies to Iran and other countries.

"Chinese entities - which include private companies, individuals, and state-owned military export firms - continue to engage in WMD-related proliferation activities," the report states, adding that Beijing has tightened trade regulations on sensitive equipment but its "enforcement continues to fall short."

"Chinese entities continue to supply a variety of missile-related items to multiple customers, including recent exports to Iran and Pakistan," according to the report (Bill Gertz, Washington Times, May 7).

Some U.N. sources and one non-U.S. intelligence service believe Iran would need no more than six months to enrich enough nuclear-weapon material for a bomb, says a separate Senate Foreign Relations Committee report issued this week.

"There is no sign that Iran's leaders have ordered up a bomb. But unclassified interviews conducted by a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee staff make clear that Iran has moved closer to completing the three components for a nuclear weapon-fissile material, warhead design and delivery system," CNN quoted the report as saying.

"Deadlines have come and gone with Iran, and so have predictions about when it might have a nuclear weapon," the report states.

"Iran has gone from having no capability to enrich uranium six years ago to operating nearly 4,000 centrifuges at an underground facility near Natanz in the central part of the country," it adds. "The centrifuges are enriching uranium to reactor-grade, with 1,600 more machines ready to go online."

"Many nations in the region already fear an ascendant Iran. Simply producing a large enough stockpile of low-enriched uranium for one or more weapons could confer on Iran new leverage over the critical region. It also could motivate some of its neighbors to seek their own nuclear capability," says the report (Charley Keyes, CNN, May 7).

Meanwhile, Russia yesterday urged Iran to reassure the international community that its nuclear program is geared strictly toward generating electricity, ITAR-Tass reported.

"We want to be 100 percent sure it is true" that Iran's nuclear efforts have "no military dimension," Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said in Washington. "Therefore, we support the efforts of the [International Atomic Energy Agency] in Iran and call on Tehran to clarify the nature of its nuclear program as soon as possible."

Russia, the four other U.N. Security Council member nations and Germany recently invited Iran to rejoin multilateral talks aimed at halting the Middle Eastern state's disputed nuclear efforts.

"Iran said it would consider" new compromise proposals put forward by the six powers, Lavrov said. [GlobalSecurityNews/8May2009]

Government Secrets Found on Computer Sold on eBay. Secret details about the U.S. missile defense system were found on a computer hard drive bought on eBay during an investigation into personal data stored on computers being carelessly discarded.

The computer, turned over to the FBI, contained documents from Lockheed Martin that included detailed test launch procedures, photos and personal data of employees, including their social security numbers and blueprints of facilities, the newspaper reported.

A spokesman for Lockheed Martin, who makes the THADD launch system, declined to comment on the hard drive's information.

"Until Lockheed Martin can evaluate the hard drive in question, it is not possible to comment further on its potential contents or source," the spokesman told the Daily Mail. "Lockheed Martin is not aware of any compromise of data related to the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense program."

The 4th annual survey conducted by several universities analyzes hard drives bought at computer auctions, computer fairs and eBay. [FoxNews/7May2009] 

U.K. Secret Service Accused Over Arrest of Two Britons in Syria. British intelligence officers were complicit in the detention of two UK citizens currently being held in Syria, according to their families and a Labour peer.

Maryam Kallis, 36, from west London, and Yasser Ahmed, 28, from Woking, Surrey, were arrested eight weeks ago on consecutive days in Damascus by Arab plainclothes officers.

The British government says it does not know why the pair were detained, as the Syrian authorities refuse to reveal their reasons. But Lord Ahmed, a Labour life peer who is representing the families, said he had been told last week by a senior official at the Syrian Embassy in London that other British agencies - and not the Foreign Office - had been involved in the detention.

Yasser Ahmed's father, Ahmad Zahur Qureshi, said he had been told by a �reliable source who had spoken to Syrian diplomats that the arrests had been "British-driven" and related to "terrorism allegations".

Both Mrs. Kallis and Mr. Ahmed have been denied access to lawyers and are understood to have been moved between a number of Syrian jails. The foreign secretary, David Miliband, raised the case with Syrian ministers last Friday, asking for them to be released or charged.

British embassy staff have only visited the pair twice in nearly 60 days, the last time being almost three weeks ago for 15 minutes. They told Mrs. Kallis's family that she had been "very emotional" and looked frail and tired, while Mr. Ahmed was "under strain". No more visits by British diplomats have been agreed, no trial has been set or charges mooted. "If she has done something wrong, she should be put in front of a court of law, not held like this," said Masood Kallis.

Foreign Office sources said they could not comment on allegations of security service involvement. The Syrian ambassador, Dr Sami Khiyami, said he was not aware of any British intelligence officers colluding in the case. He said both detainees "were in good shape".

Maryam Kallis moved to Damascus in 2002, to study for a year at the Abi Noor Islamic Foundation. Her husband said the family decided to stay, as the climate improved the health of one of their children, who is disabled. When the couple separated 18 months ago, Masood Kallis returned to London. Mrs. Kallis had also been about to return to London when she was arrested on 15 March by around 10 plainclothes officers.

Yasser Ahmed, who had worked at a centre for the mentally ill in Walthamstow, London, moved to Damascus in 2006 with his British wife and their five-year-old daughter to study Arabic at the Abu Nour, where he was described as a "highly popular" student. He was in the second year of his degree course when he was arrested.

Asim Qureshi, senior researcher at the monitoring group Cageprisoners, said: "The news of alleged involvement by UK security agencies further highlights a policy of discrimination the British government has against British Muslims detained abroad."  
[Guardian/10May2009] 

North Korea Reshuffles Spy Agencies. A news report says that North Korea has scrapped two key spy agencies and incorporated them into a defense ministry-run body.

Yonhap news agency quotes unnamed sources as saying that the reshuffling was apparently aimed at streamlining the government and giving the military more authority.

South Korea's Unification Ministry and the National Intelligence Service said they cannot confirm the Yonhap report.

North Korean leader Kim Jong Il has been devoting much of the country's scarce resources to his 1.2 million-member military under his "songun," or "military-first" policy. [GulfNews/10May2009] 

Al Qaeda's Global Base Is Pakistan, Says Petraeus. Senior leaders of al Qaeda are using sanctuaries in Pakistan's lawless frontier regions to plan new terror attacks and funnel money, manpower and guidance to affiliates around the world, according to a top American military commander.

Gen. David Petraeus, who oversees the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, said in an interview that Pakistan has become the nerve center of al Qaeda's global operations, allowing the terror group to re-establish its organizational structure and build stronger ties to al Qaeda offshoots in Iraq, Yemen, Somalia, North Africa and parts of Europe.

The comments underscore a growing U.S. belief that Pakistan has displaced Afghanistan as al Qaeda's main stronghold. "It is the headquarters of the al Qaeda senior leadership," said the general, who took the helm of the military's Central Command last fall.

In the interview, Gen. Petraeus also warned of difficult months ahead in Afghanistan, saying Taliban militants are moving weapons and forces into areas where the U.S. is adding troops, planning a "surge" of their own to counter the U.S. plan.

The commander said the U.S. had intelligence showing that the Taliban were deploying new fighters to southern Afghanistan, appointing new local commanders, and prepositioning weapons and other supplies.

Senior Obama administration officials have spoken publicly for weeks about the threat posed by Pakistan. In late March, President Barack Obama said that Pakistan's lawless border region had "become the most dangerous place in the world" for Americans.

Pakistani officials have acknowledged that their country is facing a growing threat from al Qaeda, the Taliban and other armed Islamist groups. Appearing at the White House on Wednesday with President Hamid Karzai of Afghanistan and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Pakistan's President Asif Ali Zardari pledged to "stand with our brother Karzai and the people of Afghanistan against this common threat, this menace, which I have called a cancer."

U.S. officials once believed that years of strikes had broken al Qaeda's leadership into smaller, less effective splinter groups. But in the interview, Gen. Petraeus said U.S. intelligence information suggested that al Qaeda has re-emerged as a centrally directed organization capable of helping to plan attacks in other countries. "There is a degree of hierarchy, there is a degree of interconnection, and there is certainly a flow of people, money, expertise, explosives and knowledge," he said.

Gen. Petraeus painted a picture of a globalized al Qaeda that maintains extensive logistical and communications links to terror groups in Morocco, Somalia and other countries. He said militants and supplies pass through southern Iran, helped by Sunni Arab "facilitators" in the predominantly Shiite Persian country.

A ring of Tunisian suicide bombers who were recently apprehended in Iraq appear to have received their directions from al Qaeda figures in Pakistan as well, he said. "There's absolutely no question about these links," he said.

American intelligence agencies have used drones to fire missiles at dozens of militant targets inside Pakistan in recent months, killing several top al Qaeda figures. But U.S. officials acknowledge that al Qaeda's senior leadership has survived those attacks.

Al Qaeda's resurgence in Pakistan is posing a policy dilemma for the Obama administration and senior U.S. commanders like Gen. Petraeus. Pakistan's government won't allow U.S. military personnel into the country. That is forcing the U.S. either to strike targets from a distance, which doesn't always work, or to rely on Pakistan's own security personnel, who have so far been largely unwilling to venture into al Qaeda's remote sanctuaries.

The Pentagon has looked at possible changes in Afghanistan amid concern over the course of the conflict - some of which have met resistance from current military leaders including Gen. Petraeus. A task force formed by Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, is conducting a broad review, according to a copy of its agenda. Defense Secretary Robert Gates is expected to appoint an additional general to handle day-to-day operations there, senior defense officials say. A spokesman for Gen. Petraeus has declined to comment.

Gen. Petraeus spent the past week in Washington as part of the Obama administration's summit with presidents Karzai and Zardari. He said the Pakistani Taliban appear to have overreached by sending fighters into the Buner District, just 60 miles from the capital. Echoing recent comments from top Obama administration officials, he said Pakistan's government, military and people seemed to have finally accepted that the Taliban pose a threat to their country's future and must be dealt with.

"There's a sense of collective determination to respond forcefully," he said. "The Taliban challenged the very writ of the Pakistani government, and that's being taken very seriously." Still, he said it was too soon to gauge the full magnitude or duration of the Pakistani response. [Dreazen/WallStreetJournal/9May2009] 

Section II - CONTEXT & PRECEDENCE

The Stasi: East Germany's Enemy Within. As the Berlin wall went up East Germany's own version of the Ministry of Fear came into being.

The Stasi secret police, set up under the tutelage of what was to become the KGB, was the enforcer of communist rule in the fledgling authoritarian state.

It quickly evolved into one of the Kremlin's most effective and loyal partners in the eastern bloc.

From 1957 until its demise, the organization was led by the iron fist of Erich Mielke, implementing the orders of GDR supremo Erich Honecker.

The Stasi operated a network of 17 prisons where dissidents and those deemed criminals were subjected to systematic torture. Some were said to have been exposed to radiation to induce cancer.

The state security body's influence extended into every area of East German life. Its list of agents and informers dwarfed those of even the Gestapo.

Among its most successful spies was Markus Wolf who managed to penetrate the inner circles of West Germany's government. The infiltration led to the downfall of Chancellor Willy Brandt in 1974.

Unsurprisingly, when the Berlin wall came tumbling down the Stasi's headquarters was one of the first places targeted by an enraged population.

Stasi officials had desperately tried to destroy the vast banks of incriminating documents built up over the years. Even those remaining were not made public for several years, in the re-unified Germany.

It is estimated more than a quarter of a million people had either worked as agents or informers for the security monolith during its existence. Exposing its activities required painful and prolonged debate.

A painstaking process to reconstruct documents is now underway. Some insight has been provided by the 2006 film "The Lives of Others", but a final reckoning is a long way off. [EuroNews/6May2009] 

Was The Perfect Spy A Double Agent? Both the Israelis and the Egyptians claimed that Egyptian billionaire Ashraf Marwan was their greatest spy.

Marwan was once the son-in-law of the Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser and served as his liaison to the country's intelligence services. He made a fortune as an arms dealer and had been living in London for decades.

In 2007, Marwan, 62, fell five floors from his apartment balcony in a death initially labeled a suicide but now is being investigated as a murder. It could never have been anything but murder says his son, Gamal. "I'm not sure what happened, but what I am sure of is that he was definitely killed, 100 percent," he tells Kroft.

He said his father was lame and too weak to have gotten himself up in a position to clear his balcony rail. Witnesses claim to have seen two men with dark complexions on the balcony before the fall.

Gamal says his father was an Egyptian patriot who was a double agent, providing misleading information to his country's enemy, Israel, on the eve of the Yom Kippur War in 1973. Who would have a motive to kill him? "You know, my father's main job was Egypt and the main concept was to fool the Israelis and win the war. God knows, [the Israelis] have the highest motives," says Gamal.

No they don't, says Aharon Levran, one of Israel's top intelligence officers who had access to the information Marwan, code named "Angel," provided to Israel.

"It can't be. Why should we kill him? It's only a good reason for the Egyptians to do it once they discovered that he wasn't so good for them," he tells Kroft.

Levran and other Israeli sources said Marwan provided them reams of information, including battle plans and secret transcripts in exchange for lots of money - sometimes as much as $100,000 per meeting. "He was worth every penny," Levran says.

Both sides claim to have benefited from the advance warning he provided Israel in the Yom Kippur War.

Israel said the attack times given to them, which turned out to be late by four hours, still gave them just enough time to call up reserves and save the Jewish State from the Syrian surprise attack.

The Egyptians claim that Marwan's information on the timing of the attack, gave them just the time they needed to retake land that it lost in the war six years earlier. "He gave us a number of hours before the Israelis started to mobilize - enough for us to cross the Suez Canal. That is the greatest achievement," said Dr. Abdel Monem Said, one of Egypt's top security experts.

After the war, Marwan began his lucrative arms business and reportedly was in contact with the CIA and other intelligence services, including the British, the Libyans and the Italians.

He was writing his memoirs when he died, all traces of which disappeared the night of his death. Says Howard Blum, who wrote a book about the Yom Kippur War, "It's in a lot of people's interest...that the world never knows...who killed Ashraf Marwan," he tells Kroft. "Because the damage he did, the deals and the money he made, these are secrets that I think intelligence communities want to keep secret." [CBS/7May2009] 

FBI Lawyers Threaten Bureau Critic for Using Official Seal on His Book Cover, by Jeff Stein. You'd think that the nation's number one domestic counterterrorism agency would have better things to do than yap at authors and publishers about using the bureau's official seal on their books.

But I.C. Smith, a retired senior FBI counterintelligence agent who wrote a very critical book about the bureau in 2004, just found out otherwise.

A few weeks ago an FBI lawyer instructed Smith that he had to remove the FBI seal from his Web site, including one on the jacket of his 2004 book, "INSIDE: A Top G Man Exposes Spies, Lies and Bureaucratic Bungling Inside the FBI." 

The G-lawyer also told Smith that the publisher of his book, Thomas Nelson, Inc., would also be instructed "that if the book is reprinted, the cover be redesigned to remove the FBI Seal."

The legal beagle cited U.S. laws banning the use of government badges and seals for criminal or commercial purposes.

That's ridiculous, Smith thought. The regulations were designed to prevent burglar alarm companies from using the FBI seal as an implied endorsement, not to hamstring authors and publishers.

The veteran counterspy, who'd had an illustrious career tracking East German and Chinese secret agents, thought he had been singled out.

"At no time was I ever told by anyone from the FBI, during my 25 years of employment or during the rather tortuous pre-publication review process, that the use of the FBI seal for such purposes, is against some federal statue," he responded to FBI assistant general counsel Clyde Villemez, according to e-mails obtained independently by SpyTalk.

"I wonder ... if your contacting me is due to the fact that I have, on occasion, been critical of the FBI and, if I had always said glowing things about the FBI, if you would have gone after me?" Smith wrote.

"I suspect you would not. I have no doubt you are taking the stance you have taken, not because of what I did, but because of who I am."

Smith also wondered whether bureau lawyers were spending the day sending threatening letters to the street vendors and novelty shops hawking hats, tee shirts and coffee mugs with the FBI logo within sight of the J. Edgar Hoover Building.

Smith, who helped uncover Larry Wu-tai Chin, a longtime Chinese mole inside the CIA, told me he had done a cursory search of the Internet and "easily found well in excess of 25 books, including a number by retired FBI agents" with the bureau seal on their cover.

So I took a sample myself, calling two authors of books generally favorable to the FBI, one an ex-agent, the other a journalist with close connections in U.S. intelligence.

They, too, had been contacted by the bureau's gumshoe lawyers, it turned out.

Mark Olshaker, who co-authored the best-selling "Mindhunter" series with former FBI behavioral specialist John E. Douglas, remembered one book in the series, Broken Wings, having the seal on the jacket.

"It's still on there," Olshaker said. But if push had come to shove, he said, "I don't think there's basically a whole lot they could've done about it."

That's what Ronald Kessler thought, too. He basically told the FBI to get lost.

A prolific author of books on U.S. intelligence, including two on the FBI that prominently display its seal on their jackets, Kessler called the bureau's legal threats a "ridiculous" waste of time.

Kessler responded to the FBI's order to remove the logos from his books with a letter lecturing its lawyers on the difference between books that use the FBI seal to clue readers to what a book is about, versus a commercial venture that would use it to imply the bureau's approval of its product or service, like a blood lab.

Books are protected from government censure by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, he reminded them.

"I did not have to ask for permission - anymore than Newsweek, The Washington Post, or NBC News have to do so" when they use the FBI seal on stories, he said.

"Three of my books have used the FBI seal on the jacket. In the case of the first book, 'Spy vs. Spy,' the FBI gave me the seal, and I never heard anything about asking for permission to use it. In the case of the two most recent books, 'The FBI' and 'The Bureau,' the FBI asked me to seek the bureau's permission to use the seal on the jackets.

"In both cases, I told them that I believe the intent of the law in question is to appropriately prevent a commercial firm like an alarm or detective agency from using the seal or the initials 'FBI' from giving the impression its activity is authorized by the FBI," Kessler continued, "but use of the seal on any journalistic work is an entirely different matter: that its use in such a case is protected by the First Amendment, and the seal may be reproduced in a journalistic endeavor like any other government document."

"They backed off," said Kessler, who has also authored books on the CIA, the White House and, coming this summer, the Secret Service - without time-wasting letters from legal bureaucrats in the alphabet agencies.

Lawyers, it might be added, who don't know the difference between a book jacket and Lo-Jack.

I.C. Smith would rather have the FBI just back off, too.

But it's a big bureaucracy where, as they say, the wheels of justice grind slowly.

"The law is very clear," an FBI spokesman said yesterday, "and has been in existence for many years." [CQPolitics/Stein/7May2009]

Section III - COMMENTARY

U.S. Tech Secrets Leap to Top of Spies' Lists, by Michael S. Goldstein. [The following editorial appeared as a Letter to the Editor in the 4 May 2009 issue of Crain's Cleveland Business.]

As an attorney and as a retired intelligence officer, I commend Crain's for bringing the issue of industrial espionage before the Greater Cleveland business community in its April 27, Page One story, "An eye on spying."

This excellent article by Dan Shingler focuses on the theft of industrial secrets by domestic and foreign companies. But U.S. technological secrets are also a major target, and perhaps now the major target, of more than 20 foreign professional intelligence services. These include not only our traditional enemies, but also our traditional friends. 

Russian, French, German, Japanese, Israeli and South Korean intelligence services aggressively target and routinely steal from U.S. industries and governmental and university laboratories in order to provide their own industrial sectors with competitive advantages. The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America states that India, Brazil, Argentina and Turkey are the greatest abusers of U.S. pharmaceutical patents. 

The Russian and Chinese intelligence services have become masters of economic and industrial espionage. Foreign intelligence services target such critical technologies as aeronautics, energy, chemical, biology, directed energy, electronics, guidance and navigation, information and communications, manufacturing, materials, nuclear, sensors and lasers, signature control, space systems, weapons effects and countermeasures. 

Foreign intelligence services use ethnicity to identify and attempt to recruit potential U.S. agents for espionage. They are aware of and exploit our openness, trust of others, lenience, and unwillingness to offend others. 

The FBI is the central agency for collecting, analyzing and investigating foreign threats and enforcing the law, and it provides the interface with the U.S. corporate community to communicate and educate industry to the foreign espionage threat. To ensure the well-being of our industrial and research base, management of our Cleveland-area companies, laboratories and universities should immediately report any suspected economic or industrial espionage activity to the FBI Cleveland Field Office.

Michael S. Goldstein, President, Northern Ohio Chapter, Association for Intelligence Officers  [Goldstein/Crains/4May2009]

Section IV - RESEARCH REQUESTS, JOB POSTINGS, OBITUARIES, READING, LETTERS TO THE EDITORS AND COMING EVENTS

Research Requests

Seeking American case officers or pilots who were involved in any way with Kong My (PS-7) in the southern Lao province of Attopeu. I am interested in all periods from the early 1960s until 1973. I am writing an article about the history of Kong My and I am also working on a book about the Lave/Brao people who lived there as well as in other parts of southern Laos and northeastern Cambodia. I am interested in talking with anyone who visited Kong My, even if it was only for a short time, or has knowledge of the area. I am also interested in contacting any case officers who had contact with Brao/Lave people in southern Laos or northeastern Cambodia more generally.

Members who have information about the above, please contact Dr. Ian Baird, ianbaird@shaw.ca

--------------------------------------

Seeking intelligence officials who were in southern Laos and northeastern Thailand during 1960-75: This is a research request for information about how to contact American officials who were stationed in Pakse and Ubon during 1960-75. I am involved in a project researching the development of inter-party relations between revolutionary groups located along the Lao-Cambodian frontier. I am seeking information on how Royal Lao Army units (both regular and paramilitary in nature) stationed in frontier districts adjacent to Communist controlled areas in Cambodia dealt with civilian and military refugees. In addition, I would like to contact intelligence officers who were involved in work with Pathet Lao, Khmer Rouge and Thai Communist Party defectors. The researcher, Martin Rathie, is an Australian scholar based in Vientiane who has been studying Lao history since the early 1990s. He is the co- author of the 3rd edition of the Historical Dictionary of Laos, published by Scarecrow Press.

Please contact the researcher at <martin_rathie@yahoo.com>. 

--------------------------------------

The BBC/PBS Seeks Officers with Area Knowledge/Experience Equatorial Guinea

The British Broadcasting Service/Public Broadcasting Service (USA) are preparing and about to shoot a 1 hour TV documentary special on Equatorial Guinea. The country itself may be small and little known, but it’s now an attention grabber as a location of increasing global strategic importance because of its new found oil and gas resources and the competition being played out between U.S., China, and others vying for a slice of these resources. For the U.S. it (like the Gulf of Guinea as a whole) offers an important source of non-OPEC non-Islamic oil. For China- it’s finding enough oil and gas anywhere to supply its ever hungrier economy (China is quite active throughout Africa in an effort to secure a myriad of mineral resources). Equatorial Guinea offers an interesting microcosm. China has been moving into Equatorial Guinea in a big way, where a number of major Chinese construction projects are currently underway. It would be useful from an intelligence community perspective (someone who has or is plugged into those in the community with sub-Saharan African experience) to get a big picture view of this issue and take a measure for how important the U.S. sees this as part of its national interest and therefore what strategy it sees vital in protecting their interests (the West’s as well) there.

We are also looking a little bit as well, at the failed 2004 Equatorial Guinea coup plot (symptomatic of these larger issues) masterminded by a group of British and South African ex-special forces people (led by Simon Mann whose backers included Ely Calil). They justified their actions by claiming that they—through Simon Mann, Nick Dutoit and Greg Wales --sought and received an implicit green light from the U.S. (DOD), U.K., Spanish, and South African government backing their efforts. They certainly claim that these governments through their intelligence agencies knew and were told about the plot. We are trying to get a credible line on this one way or the other.

I’d be grateful ASAP we could talk to capable individuals able to articulate on these issues and perhaps also help with an interview contribution as well. Certainly it would be good to talk with someone with recent sub Saharan African experience within the ex intelligence community.  We expect to be filming our USA end of the programme THIS week into next week. I look forward in your soonest advice.

AFIO Members, IF you have unclassified information and authorization to assist, contact: MICHAEL CHRISMAN, Producer, tel +44 (0)207 0170784 (direct),     +44 (0)7771-656929 (mobile/cell) or by email to Michael.Chrisman@freshone.tv

Job Postings

Senior Strategic Communications Managers.  Booz Allen Hamilton is currently in search of Senior Strategic Communications Managers with expertise in the Intelligence Community. The Strategic Communications organization was stood up 9 years ago with only 3 members, today in 2009 the team has grown to 500. With a focus on the Law Enforcement, Defense, Intel and Civil markets, the Strategic Communications team is serving government through 5 practice areas: Communication Strategy, Change Communications, Stakeholder Engagement, Risk Communications and Communications Support. 

We are seeking senior level strategic communications managers to work on engagements at a variety of government agencies as a consultant in the Intel Community to grow business and market opportunities.

This functional role requires 10-15 years of experience in Strategic Communication. The ideal candidate will possess:

- Experience working in the Intel sector

- Experience in change management communications, organizational communications, public relations, public affairs, risk communications, public outreach and marketing.

- Experience developing mid-level staff into leadership

- Ability to work with senior executives and across the organization to facilitate the application of various approaches, frameworks, and methodologies.

- At least 2 years of consulting experience with a government contractor, professionals services organization or public relations firm.

-minimum of a TS/SCI clearance

-reside in the DC metro area or open to relocation to the DC metro area

Should you have an interest in speaking further, please feel free to contact Donna Gates at gates_donna@ne.bah.com. In the mean time please feel free to peruse our web-site at www.boozallen.com. 

19-21 May 2009 - 3 states - Maryland, Virginia, Alabama - - Special High Tech Classified Hiring Events held by TechExpo.
Explore New Career Opportunities this Spring! Interview for your exciting new career in Information Technology, Engineering, Aerospace, Telecom, Project Management, Intelligence, Operations, Homeland Security, Research, & much more at TECHEXPO Top Secret's May events.

Tuesday, May 19, 10am - 3pm; BWI Marriott, 1743 West Nursery Rd.
Baltimore, MD 21240, Directions Only: (410) 859 - 8300

Wednesday, May 20, 10am - 3pm; Ritz-Carlton Tysons Corner,
1700 Tysons Blvd, McLean, VA 22102, Directions Only: (703) 506 - 4300

Thursday, May 21, 10am - 3pm; Huntsville Marriott, 5 Tranquility Base
Huntsville, AL 35805, Directions Only: (256) 830 - 2222

SPECIAL HUNTSVILLE EVENT: Bill Karlson, author of GET TOP DOLLARS IN A JOB YOU LOVE!, workforce development professional, and international job and career transition coach will be hosting a seminar from 9am-10am. Bill will be covering topics on resume building and salary negotiation. Refreshments will be served.
Details and Pre-Registration: http://www.TechExpoUSA.com

ADMISSION: Any level of Active Security Clearance issued by the US Federal Government or Military is REQUIRED to attend (or clearance last used within past 24 months.)
Interviewing on 5/19 in Baltimore: -- Lockheed Martin - Platinum Sponsor, SPARTA - Platinum Sponsor, ACI - Advanced Concepts, Inc., Advanced C4 Solutions / AC4S, AT&T Government Solutions, Automation Technology Inc. / ATI, BCT, LLC
CACI, COMSO, Inc., CyberCore Technologies, Data Computer Corporation of America - DCCA, e.magination IG,
Engineering Systems Solutions - ESS, Inc., Honeywell Technology Solutions, Inc., IntelligenceCareers.com, KeyW Corp.,
Mainstreet Technologies, ManTech International Corp., Northrop Grumman / Essex, ORACLE USA, Pangia Technologies,
Praxis Engineering Technologies, Prime Solutions / Primesolutions, Raytheon, Realinterface, Riverstone Enterprise, Solutions, LLC, SI International / Serco, ...& more!

Interviewing on 5/20 in Tysons Corner: SPARTA - Platinum Sponsor, CACI - Platinum Sponsor, Mantech International - Platinum Sponsor, Northrop Grumman - Platinum Sponsor, Lockheed Martin - Platinum Sponsor, ACI - Advanced Concepts, Inc., Apptis Inc., Army Team C4ISR - Fort Monmouth, AT&T Government Solutions, BAE Systems - NSS, Booz Allen Hamilton, Calnet, Data Tactics Corp., EDS, an HP Company, ESRI - Environmental Systems Research Institute, Everest Technology Solutions, General Dynamics IT, Geneva Software, Inc., GH Engineering, Inc., Harris Corp, Crucial Security Programs, IBM Corporation, IntelligenceCareers.com, KForce Inc. / VistaRMS / Bradson Corporation, L1 McClendon,
Modern Technology Solutions Inc / MTSI, MTCSC, Navy Engineering Logistics Office / NELO, Northrop Grumman,
ORACLE USA, Praxis Engineering Technologies, Red Arch Solutions, SAIC, Segue Technologies, Smartronix, Solers Inc.,
SPADAC, TeleCommunication Systems, Inc. / TCS, The Clovis Group, US Investigations Services L.P. / USIS, Visionary Integration Professioanals, ...& more!

Interviewing on 5/21 in Huntsville: SPARTA - Platinum Sponsor, General Dynamics C4 Systems - Platinum Sponsor, IntelligenceCareers.com, ITT Defense, MilitaryHire.com, Modern Technology Solutions Inc / MTSI, Teksouth Inc., WESTAR Aerospace & Defense Group, Virtual Sponsors Include: Oceaneering International, EDSI Corp., The Josef Group, Texcom, Tech USA and more!

For details and to review job postings visit: TechExpoUSA.com. Spread the word to friends and family looking to upgrade their career and earn a higher income.
See you at the show!

Obituaries

Roy G. Berkeley. Roy Gellen Berkeley, 73, a resident of Shaftsbury, Vermont for 36 years, died on Friday, April 24, 2009 in Bennington, VT. Born in New York City in 1935, the eldest son of Lewis and Hilda Gellen Berkeley, he was raised in Washington, D.C. Roy had a varied career. After receiving his B.A. from Columbia College in 1956, he worked briefly for the New York Post as assistant to the News Editor, then was editor of the Long Island Post (no relation to the former). During his twenties he worked for the Port of New York Authority in its photography department, and wrote thrillers, westerns, and adventure books under 14 different pseudonyms. He also did graduate work in American history at Columbia University and in political science at The New School for Social Research. He taught American history at a variety of educational institutions: at The New School for Social Research in New York City; at the graduate school's summer program at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Conn.; at Southern Vermont College; and at P.S.3 in New York City. With his interest in history, he was a big winner on TV's "Jeopardy!" in 1971 -- unfortunately before being allowed to return, time after time, and become a Ken Jennings millionaire. Roy's winnings, however, enabled the Berkeleys to build their house in Shaftsbury in the early 1970s. He liked to think of himself as a "story-teller," through his teaching, professional photography, and writing. In 1994, the only book written under his own name -- A Spy's London -- was published in Britain by Pen & Sword -- and reviews 136 sites in London having to do with spies and spycatchers. The book is still in print, and copies will always be available from his widow, Ellen Perry Berkeley at epbinvt@earthlink.net, at a reduced price to AFIO members. Condolences to her may be sent to that same email. For 15 years, he was a Deputy Sheriff in the Bennington County Sheriff's Department. A founding member, with the late Mike Speers, of the New England chapter of AFIO in the early 1980s, Berkeley served the chapter and assisted the National office. Roy more recently was certified by the National Rifle Association to teach firearms safety, pistol, and personal protection in the home. He sat on various boards -- being appointed by Governor Kunin in 1985 to Vermont's Fish and Wildlife Board, and serving as head of the board of directors of Pownal's newly opened Museum of Black World War II History. He is survived by his loving wife of 43 years, Ellen Perry Berkeley; by their cat, Roscoe; by his brother, Arthur of Las Cruces, NM; by nieces, nephews, grandnieces, grandnephews, and cousins; and by many friends who will treasure the memory of his intellect, his humor, his loyalty, and his steadfast devotion to ideals he considered worthy. Burial at the Center Shaftsbury Cemetery was private. A public celebration of his life, to which all are invited, will be held on Saturday, June 6, 2009, 3 to 6 p.m., at the Mahar Funeral Home in Bennington.   [BenningtonBanner/30April2009]

Reading

Analysis: The Changing Landscape of Communications Intelligence, by Joseph Fitsanakis and Ian Allen. Joseph Fitsanakis and Ian Allen have authored a new scholarly paper on communications intelligence, focusing specifically on the use of telephony intelligence in the 2008-2009 Israel-Gaza conflict. The paper, entitled Cell Wars: The Changing Landscape of Communications Intelligence, is available on the website of the Research Institute on European and American Studies. The authors argue that the 2008-2009 Israel-Gaza conflict featured a series of innovative approaches to communications intelligence, which included utilizing civilian telephone networks to achieve tactical and psychological objectives. The "cell war" between the IDF and Hamas is indicative of an ongoing global struggle between asymmetrical insurgents and state actors to control large-scale telecommunications structures. "Cell wars" have been taking place for quite some time in Iraq, Somalia, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Syria, and several other nations, including the United States. Weapons in this hi-tech conflict include surveillance satellites, voice scramblers, encryption software and mobile phone cameras, among other technologies. Essentially, this war is being fought over the control over national and international telecommunications grids, and centers increasingly on telecommunications service providers -companies such as Jawwal in Palestine, Roshan in Afghanistan, or Mobilink in Pakistan. These companies are rapidly becoming combat zones in a battle to control the channels of digital communications in 21st-century asymmetrical warfare.  [IntelNews/April 27, 2009]

Letters to the Editors

Comment on "US Drops Case Against Ex-Lobbyists"

AFIO:

Your Notes of #16-09 dtd 05 May 2009 include a news item headed "US Drops Case Against Ex-Lobbyists". In it is the paragraph:

"Recent pretrial rulings made the case difficult for the government, including an appeals court ruling that allowed the defense to use "national defense information" at trial. A lower-court judge also said prosecutors must show that the two men knew that the information they allegedly disclosed would harm the United States or help a foreign government - a high burden for prosecutors."

If this is accurately reported, it would appear that:

1. NO case of potential espionage will likely be prosecuted for fear of the defense making public "national defense information". The more serious the violation(s), the more certain no prosecution will be pursued.

2. If the accused in an espionage case must KNOW that the information "allegedly disclosed would harm the United States or help a foreign government", the old guideline, "ignorance of the law is no excuse", has been nullified.

Hopefully, you can find someone more qualified than I to explore the ramifications of this peculiarly emasculating decision, publicize the utter irrationality of it in your various outlets, and outline/initiate action to correct it.

Hak Hakanson
Chiang Mai

COMING EVENTS

EVENTS IN COMING TWO MONTHS....

Wednesday, 13 May 2009; 7 pm - Coral Gables, FL - The Ted Shackley Miami AFIO Chapter hosts a Dinner at the 94th Aero Squadron. The special guest speaker at this event will be Luis Rueda. Rueda is currently serving as the Officer in Residence at the University of Miami. He joined the CIA as an Operations Officer in 1981 and served multiple tours in Latin America before returning to Washington. He has served as head of the CIA’s operations training course, chief of East European operations, Executive Assistant to the Deputy Director of Central Intelligence, chief of Iraq Operations, and chief of operations and Counterintelligence for the Middle East.
WHERE: 94th Aero Squadron, Miami International Airport Perimeter Rd, The 94th Aero Squadron Restaurant is located near the intersection of Highway 836 and North Red Road. 1395 NW 57th Avenue.
PARKING: Free, but DUCK YOUR HEAD !
EVENT: DINNER, with SPECIAL GUEST. Do not miss this Event !
COST: $35.00 prepaid. Send check payable to AFIO to Thomas Spencer at 999 Ponce de Leon Blvd., Suite 510, Coral Gables, Florida 33134. TRSMiami@aol.com
305 648 0940.
HOSTS: The Board of Directors of the Miami Chapter.
RSVP: Please RSVP to Tom Spencer. Space is limited. Guests must be cleared in advance.

14 May 2009 – San Francisco, CA – The AFIO Jim Quesada Chapter hosts Dr. Amir Hamidi, Resident Agent in Charge, DEA SF field office. Dr. Hamidi has provided training to the FBI Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF) and State and local agencies in the area of International Terrorism and Middle Eastern Affairs. The topic will be Executive Survival & International Narco Terrorism in Your Community.
RSVP required. The meeting will be held at United Irish Cultural Center, 2700 45th Avenue, San Francisco (between Sloat and Wawona). 11:30 AM no host cocktails; noon - luncheon. $25 member rate with advance reservation and payment; $35 non-member. E-mail RSVP to Mariko Kawaguchi (please indicate chicken pomodoro or filet of fish) no later than 5PM 4/7/09: mariko@cataphora.com and mail your check made out to "AFIO" to: Mariko Kawaguchi, P.O. Box 117578 Burlingame, CA 94011. (650) 622-9840 X608.

14 May 2009, 11:30 a.m. - Scottsdale, AZ - The AFIO Arizona Chapter hosts Dr. Guntram Werther on Improving U.S. Intelligence Collections in the 21st Century. Dr. Guntram F. A. Werther will speak Thursday, May 16. He earned his doctorate (defended with “distinction”) from Washington University in St. Louis (1990): having it also twice nominated as the best work in comparative politics nationally (APSA Gabriel Almond Prize nominations for both 1991 & 1992).
The official title of talk:“A presentation on those factors that might move intelligence assessment forward in ways that improve our collective ability to navigate the 21st century”
Dr. Werther’s current specialization is in developing holistically integrative training and assessment techniques for better forecasting emerging international trends and patterns of international change; perhaps currently the most serious defect within our business and government intelligence analysis capability.
Currently, he is Executive in Residence at Thunderbird—The School of Global Management, is Associate Faculty (graduate level strategy) at Arizona State University’s W. B. Carey School of Management, and is a Professor at Western International University, as well as a contractor to Fortune 100 firms and U.S. government projects addressing senior level operational decision-makers.
New Location: McCormick Ranch Golf Course, 7505 McCormick Parkway, Scottsdale AZ 85258 ~ Phone 480.948.0260)
RSVP: email Simone sl@4smartphone.net or simone@afioaz.org or call and leave a message on 602.570.6016

14 May 2009 - Culver, IN - CIA and NSA Conference on "Creating Intelligence: The Creation of the U.S. Intelligence Community" - AFIO Members Invited at no charge

15 May 2009 - Tysons Corner, VA - AFIO Spring Luncheon featuring Shawn Henry, FBI - on Risks of Cyber Security Breaches. Full details at top and below.

Shawn Henry
Assistant Director, FBI, Cyber Security Division
Afternoon Speaker

Shawn Henry was named to his post in September 2008. He began his career as a special agent with the FBI in 1989. In 1999, he was designated chief of the computer investigations unit within the National Infrastructure Protection Center at FBIHQ, with management responsibility for all criminal computer intrusion matters under investigation by the FBI. In 2006 he was selected as a member of the Senior Executive Service to serve as Chief of the Executive Staff to the Executive Assistant Director of the National Security Branch, and in 2007, was named Deputy Assistant Director of the FBI's Cyber Division, with program management responsibility for all FBI computer investigations worldwide.

Gen. Oleg Kalugin, retired Major General in the Soviet KGB
Author of SPYMASTER: My Thirty-two Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West
Morning Speaker

Oleg Kalugin oversaw the work of American spies, matched wits with the CIA, and became one of the youngest generals in KGB history. Even so, he grew increasingly disillusioned with the Soviet system. In 1990, he went public, exposing the intelligence agency’s shadowy methods. Kalugin’s impressively illuminating memoir of the final years of the Soviet Union -- Spymaster: My Thirty-two Years in Intelligence and Espionage Against the West -- has just been released in this updated form. New portions include new material in light of the KGB's enduring presence in Russian politics.

Crowne Plaza Hotel
10:30 a.m. to 2 p.m.
Space Limited
Register Securely Here.

15 May 2009, 2 p.m. - Fort Meade, MD - Professor John Ferris presents the 2009 Schorreck Memorial Lecture: “Pearl Harbor Revisited: A Case of Anglo-American Intelligence Failure and Japanese Deception”
The Center for Cryptologic History's (CCH) 2009 Henry F. Schorreck Memorial Lecture starts at 2:00 PM at the National Cryptologic Museum. Dr. John Ferris will speak on “Pearl Harbor Revisited: A Case of Anglo-American Intelligence Failure and Japanese Deception.”
Dr. Ferris, a professor at the University of Calgary, is the author of numerous books and articles about military and cryptologic history, and has presented papers several times at the biennial symposiums on cryptologic history sponsored by CCH. Dr. Ferris is also the 2009 Historian Scholar in Residence at the National Security Agency (NSA).
Previous Schorreck Memorial Lectures, named in honor of NSA’s longest-serving Historian, have been given by Dr. David Kahn and Professor Christopher Andrew.
Location and Cost: The event takes place at the National Cryptologic Museum and is open to the public at no cost. Seating, however, is limited, so advance registration is required. To register, send an e-mail to rkenos@nsa.gov. If you need additional information, please call the Center for Cryptologic History at 301-688-2336.
Directions to the Museum are at http://www.nsa.gov/about/cryptologic_heritage/museum/map/index.shtml.

17 May 2009, 6:00 to 10:00 pm - Tysons Corner, VA - The National Military Intelligence Association holds the annual awards banquet.
The banquet supports and acknowledges the contributions of the U.S. Military Intelligence community and the individual accomplishments of its professionals.
Location: Hilton McLean Tysons Corner. Further details are here:
For further information about the event visit https://www.123signup.com/Member?PG=1522955182400&P=1522955132314133158594700&Info

20-21 May 2009 - Washington, DC - Alexander Vassiliev’s Notebooks and the Documentation of KGB Operations in the United States, 1930-1950 - a special program by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Cold War International History Project Tentative program: 20 May 2009, 3 p.m.  - Welcome by Christian F. Ostermann, director, History & Public Policy Program, Woodrow Wilson Center; 3:30 - 5 - Speaker TBA; 5:30 p.m. Panel 1 Provenance of the Notebooks and their use in Spies: the Rise and Fall of the KGB in America - Chair: James G. Hershberg, Alexander Vassiliev: “How I came to Write the Notebooks”; John Earl Haynes: “Digesting the Notebooks: Transcription, Translation, and Concordance Preparation”; Harvey Klehr: “Highlights and Findings (Expected and Unexpected) in Spies”. Comments by Mark Kramer (Harvard U), Katherine Sibley (St. Josephs) and James G. Hershberg (George Washington)
Discussion, 5:30 p.m. Reception in Moynihan Board Room
21 May 2009, 10 a.m. - Speaker TBA; 12:00 p.m. Panel 2: Hiss, Stone, and Counterintelligence Chair: G. Edward White; Eduard Mark: “In Re Alger Hiss: A Final Verdict from the Archive of the KGB.”; Max Holland: “Three Tales of I.F. Stone and the KGB: Kalugin, Venona, and the Notebooks”; John Fox: “What the Spiders Did: U.S. and Soviet Counterintelligence before the Cold War”; Comments by G. Edward White (U. VA Law), Bruce Craig (independent scholar)
Discussion
2:00 p.m. Panel 3: “Atomic and Technical Espionage”; Chair: Ronald Radosh; Steve Usdin: “The Rosenberg Ring: Industrial-Scale Technical and Atomic Espionage”; Greg Herken: “Target Enormoz: Soviet Atomic Espionage on the West Coast, 1942-1950”; Robert S. Norris: “George Koval, A New and Unusual Manhattan Project Spy”; Comments by Ronald Radosh (CUNY, emeritus), Barton Bernstein (Stanford U)
Discussion; 4:00 – Speaker TBA; 4:30 p.m. Concluding Panel; Chair: Mark Kramer - Panelists and Audience Discussion
TO ATTEND or FOR MORE INFORMATION: visit Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson Center, One Woodrow Wilson Plaza, 1300 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington, D.C. 20004-3027; Email: coldwar@wilsoncenter.org, Tel: 202/691-4110.
Reservations are not required. All meetings take place at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington, DC. Please see the map and directions here. Allow time for routine security procedures. A photo ID is required for entry. To confirm time and place, contact Maria-Stella Gatzoulis on the day of the event: tel. (202) 691-4188. Check this page for the latest updates and notices.

Thursday, 21 May 2009, 7:30 am - Beachwood, OH - Breakfast and Exhibit at the Maltz Museum in Beachwood, Ohio included invitation to AFIO Ohio Chapter Members.
The exhibit is provided by the International Spy Museum in Washington, D.C., and is called “The Enemy Within – Terror in America – 1776 to Today.”
The FBI Citizens’ Academy Foundation of Cleveland has arranged a special event at the Maltz Museum on Thursday, May 21, 2009, beginning at 7:30 a.m. The Citizens’ Academy has invited our AFIO members to attend this event.
There will be a continental breakfast, followed by an address by our own Peter Earnest. We will then have a tour of the Spy Museum exhibit and of the wonderful Maltz Museum.
Peter Earnest is the Executive Director of the Spy Museum and is also past President and the immediate past Chairman of the Board of AFIO National. He is one of us, and we should all make sure to attend this event.
Cost for the event is $10.
7:30am to 8:00am – Continental Breakfast
8:00am to 9:00am – Peter Earnest
9:00 am to 10:00am - Tour the Maltz Museum Exhibit
“The Enemy Within – Terror in America – 1776 to Today”
Please RSVP to Anita Gray by May 15 Anitagray@aol.com or 216 249 7333 (provide your name and organization)
Checks should be payable to: FBI Citizens’ Academy Foundation of Cleveland Mail checks to: Anita Gray, One Bratenahl Place, Suite 1302, Bratenahl, Ohio 44108
Event takes place at the Maltz Museum, located at 2929 Richmond Rd., Beachwood, OH 44122
DRIVING DIRECTIONS: I-271 Chagrin Blvd. exit. West on Chagrin Blvd. one block to Richmond Road. Right (North) on Richmond Road. The museum entrance in on the right between South Woodland and Shaker Blvd. Note: There is no access to the museum driveway from Richmond Road southbound.
Please also RSVP to Dianne Mueller so we at AFIO will know you are coming: dmueller@msglpa.com, or (440) 424-4071.
This will be a wonderful event. Please come and support AFIO, the FBI Citizens’ Academy, Peter, the Spy Museum, and the Maltz Museum.
Michael S. Goldstein, LCDR, USNR (Ret), President, Association for Intelligence Officers, Northern Ohio Chapter

21 May 2009 at 12:30 pm - Los Angeles, CA - The AFIO Los Angeles Chapter luncheon features Dr. Jeffrey Richelson, on U.S. surveillance satellites. Richelson, a senior fellow with the National Security Archive, will talk on the topic of domestic applications of U.S. reconnaissance and surveillance satellites. Dr. Richelson's recent work examined the Nuclear Emergency Support Team, U.S. intelligence efforts against foreign nuclear weapons programs, and various elements of satellite reconnaissance activities.
Where: on the campus of Loyola Marymount University. Cost: Lunch will be provided for $15, payment accepted at the door. For attendance reservations please forward email confirmation by no later than 5/15/09: AFIO_LA@yahoo.com

21 May 2009 - Arlington, VA - The Defense Intelligence Forum meets to hear Provost, Defense Intelligence College -- Dr. Susan Studds The speaker will be Dr. Susan M. Studds, National Defense Intelligence College Provost, speaking on the Defense Intelligence College.  Dr. Studds joined the college from the National Defense University where she was a professor in the Information Resources Management. She was Deputy Director of Assessment, Accreditation, and Faculty Development at NDU and later became NDU Assistant Vice President and Acting Provost. She was on the executive committee of the Program for Accreditation of Joint Education and the Substantive Change Committee of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. She taught strategic leadership and decision making, education as a national security factor, and American Studies for International Fellows, a course that she established.  Dr. Studds has been Director of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities' National Retention Project and Director of its Center for Educational Opportunity and Achievement. She served as Special Assistant to the Provost at George Mason University.
Event occurs at the Alpine Restaurant, 4770 Lee Highway, Arlington, VA 22207. Pay at the door with a check for $29 per person payable to DIAA, Inc.  Social hour starts at 1130, lunch at 1200.  Make reservations for you and your guests by 14 May by email to diforum@verizon.net.  In your response, give your name and the names of your guests.  For each, choose chicken, veal, or salmon.  Include also telephone numbers and email addresses for you and your guests.  Pay with a check.  WE DO NOT TAKE CASH!

26 - 28 May 2009 - Adelphi, MD - International Association for Intelligence Education hosts annual meeting and Conference at University of Maryland. Conference features series of concurrent workshops on "Teaching Intelligence” from teaching intelligence culture, law enforcement analysis, to competitive intelligence. An impressive program of proposed speakers and topics. Confirmed speakers to be announced. The conference features presentations by the winners of the Outstanding Teacher of the Year and winning intelligence essays by a variety of students.
LOCATION: University of Maryland University College Inn and Conference Center
FEES:  $20,000 for conference sponsorship to serve as conference co-host. $10,000 for dinner sponsorship for a May 27 dinner; $5,000 Sponsor for Luncheon either Wednesday, May 27 —or— Thursday, May 28 OR Tuesday, May 26 Opening Reception; $1,000 for For-Profit members of IAFIE: $1,000 EXHIBIT Booth/Display fees. Other prices available. For individuals: $400 for both days of conference; $200 for one day only. To register, call (814) 824-2131 or email iafieconfreg@gmail.com

Tuesday 2 June 2009, 6 p.m. - Nellis AFB, NV - The AFIO Las Vegas Chapter event features: The Development, Testing, and Operation of the U-2 and A-12 High Altitude Reconnaissance Programs at Nevada’s Groom Lake

Members of the Roadrunners Internationale will speak about the recently declassified CIA U-2 program at Taiwan; U-2 Project Aquatone at Groom Lake; the CIA A-12 Project Oxcart (which was the recently declassified CIA plane preceding the more commonly known Air Force SR-71) at Groom Lake and its operational phase; and Operation Black Shield at Kadena, Okinawa.
Their presentation will include a short video of the first flights of the U-2 and A-12 at Groom Lake, a PowerPoint presentation about the aircraft, and a large photo display of the aircraft test, evaluation, and operations. They will also recount their CIA recruitment, cover stories, living and working at Groom Lake, and the excitement of foreign missions. Their story was declassified a little over a year ago at the CIA’s 60th Anniversary. Location: Nellis Air Force Base Officers’ Club. (If no military ID, contact 702.295.0073 by May 25th for base entry information)

Monday, 8 June 2009 - Newport News, VA - The AFIO Norman Forde Hampton Roads Chapter is planning a meeting and address by member Dr. Larry Wortzel on U.S.-China relations. Dr. Larry M. Wortzel, 1988 - 1990 U.S. ARMY ATTACHÉ U.S. EMBASSY, BEIJING, PRESIDENT, ASIA STRATEGIES AND RISKS, LLC., COMMISSIONER, U.S. - CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION, WASHINGTON , D.C. The presentation will be followed by a reception. Guests are welcome. Please spread the word and bring friends!. Questions to Melissa at MWSaunders@cox.net or call her at 757-897-6268

13 June 2009 - Boston, MA - AFIO Boston Pops Committee commemorates the 40th Anniversary of the Apollo 11 Moon Landing. Join AFIO Boston-based members at Symphony Hall for a special Boston Pops Concert celebrating our nation’s triumphant achievement. Historic footage of the lunar landing provided by NASA will accompany a program of stirring patriotic music including Holst’s The Planets. Honor one of America’s proudest moments in space exploration with a spectacular Pops concert.  The AFIO Pops Committee has relocated the event back to Boston for our seventh annual Pops social event. Conductor Keith Lockhart will lead the Pops at Symphony Hall, 301 Massachusetts Avenue Boston, MA 02115. Join other AFIO members and friends in the Hatch Room lounge located behind the orchestra level for a social hour before the performance begins. For tickets, call Symphony Hall Charge at 888-266-1200 or online at www.bso.org. Tickets sell from $18.00 to $85.00 and are now on sale.  After purchasing your tickets, please contact Gary at wassinmaryland@aol.com  so I can add your name to the list to look for at the 1 hour social prior to the concert. Ticket prices for attending this concert does not include a gift to AFIO however the Association of Former Intelligence Officers relies greatly upon the generosity of members, corporations, foundations, and the general public who understand and wish to encourage sound intelligence policy and education in the United States.  These gifts allow AFIO and its chapters to carry out important activities in the areas of education, advocacy, seminars, publications, and conferences. Please help by making a financial donation to AFIO. Tax receipts will be issued for donations of $100 or more (does not include Pops ticket cost).  All gifts to AFIO are tax deductible.  AFIO is an IRS approved 501(c)(3) charity. We request this be done separately if you are able to contribute to AFIO. Gifts may be made here.

Sunday, 14 June 2009, 4:00pm - St. Charles, IL - AFIO Midwest Chapter has a two speaker meeting. We will have two speakers do a combined presentation. One speaker is a former Lt. Col USAF who was Chief of Counter Intelligence and Deputy District Commander in Ankara, Turkey (81-82) who was assigned to Office of Special Investigations. He is now currently Director of Security at Northrup Grumman in Rolling Meadows, IL. The other is a former FBI Special Agent. Both will discuss the interrelationships amongst the US intelligence agencies. St. Charles Place Restaurant 2550 E. Main Street, St. Charles, IL. Telephone number 1-630-377-3333. For more information regarding meals and to confirm your attendance, please contact Angelo Di Liberti ASAP at 847-931-4184.

25 June 2009 - Los Angeles, CA - AFIO L.A. Area Meeting Notice to hear Sheriff Jeff Blatt. Jeffrey J. Blatt, deputy sheriff (res) with the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, assigned to the Emergency Operations Bureau, will address the on-going militant Islamic insurgency in Southern Thailand. Deputy Blatt will review the historic causes of the insurgency, ideology, recruitment, tactics and attacks, Thai counterinsurgency operations, as well as the potential for regional escalation. Deputy Blatt is the Los Angeles Sheriff's Department's liaison on the ground in South East and South Asia.
Meeting will take place 6/25/09 at 12:30 PM on the campus of Loyola Marymount University in the Hilton Business building with lunch provided for $15, payable at the door. Please RSVP via email, by 6/19/2009 for your attendance: AFIO_LA@yahoo.com

Wednesday, 1 September 2009, 6 p.m. - New York, NY - The AFIO Metro NY Chapter hosts Lt. General Deptula, Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance HQ USAF. SPEAKER: Air Force Lt. Gen. David A. Deptula, Depty Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C.
This three star General was the principal attack planner for the 1991 Desert Storm Coalition. Flown over 3000 hours, 400 in combat. His topic: Unmanned Aerial systems (UAS). The "Predator" unmanned aircraft and the future. A briefing with fascinating details re: larger, smaller, faster UAS that can stay aloft much longer and see much more. The future of the U.S.A.F.
Location: University Club - 54th St & Fifth Ave, 9th Floor, 5:30 pm Registration, 6 p.m.meeting.
Reservations suggested, not required. Refreshments, open bar. $40. per person/cash or check, payable at the door. RSVP to: Jerry Goodwin, President, AFIO - New York Metropolitan Chapter, 155 East 31st Street #25G, New York, NY 10016, 347-334-1503 or email afiometro@yahoo.com

For Additional Events two+ months or greater....view our online Calendar of Events

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