WIN #22-04 dtd 28 June 2004
Weekly Intelligence Notes (WINs) are commentaries on Intelligence and related national security matters, based on open media sources, selected, interpreted, edited and produced by AFIO for non-profit educational uses by AFIO members and WIN subscribers.
__________________________________________________
For your action:
AFIO's special Fall
Symposium/Convention
29 October through 31 October
at a
variety of secure locations near Baltimore, MD.
Some of the seminars and all lodging will be at the
academic campus
of the National Maritime Center /
www.ccmit.org,
5700 Hammonds
Ferry Rd, Linthicum Heights, MD 21090.
Room reservations [$105/nite] should be made as soon
as possible
by calling Toll Free: 866-629-3196.
[or at
410-859-5700].
All rooms come with special continental breakfasts.
Make
your flight reservations now to arrive at BWI Airport by Thursday evening
28
October.
Further details on the program in coming months.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTENTS of this WIN
SECTION I -- CURRENT INTELLIGENCE
HUMINT Operations Defended and Attacked
MI Officers May Face Homicide Charges
SECTION II -- CONTEXT AND PRECEDENCE
CIA Suspends Use of Enhanced Interrogation Techniques
FBI�s Mueller Foresees NATO-like Anti-Terrorism Alliance
SECTION III -- CYBER INTELLIGENCE
DHS Sees Terrorist Danger in FCC Proposal
Islamists Employ Digital Technology in Their Jihad
SECTION IV -- BOOKS, SOURCES, AND ISSUES
Books
Anonymous CIA analyst/author sees U.S. losing war
Islamist 'Democrats' and Jihad
Exploring the Psyche of Evildoers
Issues
DoD Seeks End to Restrictions Within the United States
SECTION V -- NOTES, LETTERS, QUERIES AND COMING EVENTS
Letters
Queries
My Grandfather's OSS Activities
Japanese TV Seeks 1957-61 CIA Officers in Japan
Coming Events
30 June � Kuklinski Author at Polish Embassy Event
30 June - Lecture/book-signing Steve Coll's Ghost Wars
30 June - NGA Director Clapper To Address NMIA Luncheon
3 July - Spies of Washington Tour
26 - 29 Sept - Joint meeting USMC Tri-Association Intelligence Committee
8 - 9 Oct - East Lyme, Ct -- New England Chapter, Naval Cryptologic Veterans Association reunion
Obituary
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION I -- CURRENT INTELLIGENCE
HUMINT OPERATIONS DEFENDED AND ATTACKED - Last week saw a House panel, headed by a potential DCI, launch a harsh attack on the CIA�s HUMINT service, and thus on its director who two days earlier had defended the Directorate of Operations� performance.
On 21 June, James L. Pavitt, Deputy Director for Operations for the past five years, called the clandestine service a national treasure and those serving in it heroes. He was addressing the Foreign Policy Association in New York. <www.fpa.org/topics_info2414/topics_info_show.htm?doc_id=230340>
On 23 June 22, the House of Representative approved a scathing report on CIA handling of HUMINT, the New York Times reported the following day. <www.nytimes.com/2004/06/25/politics/25SPY.html>
The report, drafted by the House Intelligence Committee, warned the agency was heading �over a proverbial cliff� through mismanagement of HUMINT operations. The report was included in an intelligence authorization bill adopted by the House.
The report�s focus on HUMINT, according to the Times, reflected criticism in recent years by Rep. Porter J. Goss (R-Fla.) who headed the panel that drew up the report. Goss, who served as a CIA officer for about a dozen years, beginning in the late 1950s, is considered a leading candidate to succeed DCI Tenet. Tenet, who has announced he will retire on 11 July, has objected to the report�s tone and content and called some of its conclusions absurd.
In what was tantamount to an attack on Pavitt, the report alleged, "The nimble, flexible, core-mission-oriented enterprise the D.O. once was, is becoming just a fleeting memory. With each passing day, it becomes harder to resurrect."
Inadequacies in HUMINT operations, the report found, were largely at the root of mistakes in the CIA's assessment of Iraq and its WMD program. �There was an insufficiency of the right amount of information available on this topic for the analysts," the report said. "The U.S. cannot afford to be in such a position."
Pavitt, who has announced he will retire this summer, spoke to the same point at the FPA meeting. Many of those who criticize the CIA for not having enough agents in Iraq and elsewhere do not have the first idea of what an agent really is, he said.
The operating environment in Iraq, Pavitt said, was tremendously prohibitive and developing the necessary trust with those Iraqis who had access was extraordinarily difficult in light of the risks they faced. �Once on the ground, however, our officers recruited literally dozens of agents � some of whom paid the ultimate price for their allegiance to us � who were determined to help all Iraqis win their freedom.�
�Did we get access to the heart of Saddam's weapons programs? No, we did not. In those final months, did we get closer to the inner circle of the military and political process? Absolutely! And in that compressed period of a few months, we collected intelligence our own military deemed of vital importance.�
In Iraq, CIA officers played pathfinder roles, moving well ahead of the combat lines, obtaining critical intelligence that informed battlefield planners. When U.S. troops launched the war on Iraq on March 19, 2003, HUMINT officers were right there with them, said Pavitt.
The report charged that despite eight years of rebuilding, the agency had not yet repaired HUMINT abilities lost because of budget cuts during the 1990's. Pavitt offered a different view. �As the result of exceptional leadership in recent years within CIA and a new appreciation of the value of human intelligence by our nation's leaders, we are in a much stronger position today than we were a decade ago,� he said. �As you know from recent press articles, we embarked on a wholesale rebuilding of the clandestine service in the late 1990s. We have made tremendous strides but still have work to do.�
Recruitment and training efforts are currently at unprecedented levels with an interest in the CIA among talented men and women from all over this country at an all time high, Pavitt said. �In the last five years, the clandestine service has grown 30 percent and we plan to grow it another 30 percent in the next five years. But as good as our recruiting and training is, I can't buy experience, and it will take time for our skilled officers, for our new graduates to become the seasoned pros we need them to be.�
The House panel said a comprehensive analysis of how HUMINT operations were being mismanaged was spelled out in a classified annex to the report. In the public version of the report, the panel warned specifically about what it called misallocation and redirection of resources, poor prioritization of objectives, micromanagement of field operations, and a continued political aversion to operational risk.
The report complained that money and manpower were being devoted to counterterrorism, which the CIA has said consumes about half of the money devoted to clandestine operations, to the neglect of other important activities.
While admitting failures, Pavitt listed successes attributable to HUMINT operations. They included catching 70 terrorists before 9/11, and hundreds after; disruption of the millennium plot; foiling of the Ramadan plot in the Persian Gulf; halting attacks on the United States in Yemen and Saudi Arabia; disrupting attacks against a U.S. embassy and military in Europe; deterring plans to kidnap Americans in three countries and carry out overseas hijackings; capturing or killing nearly two-thirds of known Al-Qa'ida top leadership; the arrests of Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, Khalid bin Attash, Abu Zubaydah, Hambali, Abu Musab al Baluchi, and a host of other Islamist extremist leaders; dissuading Libya, in cooperation with the British, to abandon its nuclear arms program; and exposing Pakistani Abdul Qadir Khan�s international trade in elements of nuclear weaponry.
�At its very best, human intelligence is an inexact art, and while we may be able to find and connect many of the dots; I would be lying to you if I said we can connect them all,� Pavitt said. Opposing proposals for an overall reorganization of the Intelligence Community, he added, �I would be suspect of anyone offering quick solutions or quick answers through hasty reorganization and centralization.�
Fortunately, intel types are capable of learning from their mistakes, he said, illustrating the point by recalling that in the last century, a junior intelligence officer in Switzerland received word on a Sunday evening that a disturbed Russian wanted to speak to an American official.
�Not wanting to spoil his weekend tennis outing, our officer told the duty officer to direct the disturbed Russian to return the next day � Monday � during duty hours. Unfortunately, Vladimir Lenin chose not to return to the mission. Allen Dulles, our first DCI, was the junior intelligence officer, and he recovered admirably from this early stumble and learned a lesson he imparted to future generations of operations officers.� (DKR)
MI OFFICERS MAY FACE HOMICIDE CHARGES - U.S. Army officials plan to file negligent-homicide and manslaughter charges against two MI chief warrant officers, the Denver Post reported on 23 June. The two officers, whose unit is based at Fort Carson, allegedly suffocated an Iraqi general during an interrogation in November at Qaim on the Iraq's border with Syria.
<www.denverpost.com/cda/article/print/0,1674,36%257E6439%257E2231069,00.html>
Chief Warrant Officer Lewis Welshofer, a member of the 66th Military Intelligence Group, allegedly smothered Iraqi Maj. Gen. Abed Hamed Mowhoush, a commander of Saddam Hussein's air force, in a sleeping bag while sitting on his chest and covering his mouth, according to investigative reports the Post said it had obtained. Chief Warrant Officer Jeff Williams was also involved in the interrogation. Under military law, the maximum prison term for involuntary manslaughter is 10 years and for negligent homicide, three years.
A decision on the case has moved slowly, according to the Post, citing DoD sources, because the soldiers' commander, Col. David Teeples of the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, has been reluctant to pursue charges. Teeples gave Welshofer and Williams reprimands earlier this year that forbade them from participating in further interrogations, the Post reported. But Teeples also said that Mowhoush "was a very, very bad person" and that "When it all comes out, you'll see every man in this regiment is a good man."
A Duke University law professor, Scott Silliman, whose served as an officer of the Judge Advocate General's Office for 25 years, said he had never heard of a military officer being charged with homicide in the death of an inmate.
Two enlisted soldiers also face charges of dereliction of duty arising from the incident, according to a Pentagon document the Post obtained. The document did not identify the enlisted men. However, members of a special-forces unit are alleged to have struck the general, separate records show. Allegations that CIA personnel beat Mowhoush are under another review by the Justice Department, sources have told the Post.
In an another incident involving the death of a prisoner, a U.S. Army captain, who commanded the troops charged with abusing Iraqi prisoners held at Abu Ghraib, testified on 24 June that MI and 'other government agencies,' i.e. CIA, officers directed his soldiers. <www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/06/25/wirq125.xml&sSheet=/news/2004/06/25/ixnewstop.html>
"I controlled the MPs inside but it was run by the MI folks," Capt. Donald Reese told a preliminary hearing at Camp Victory, the Daily Telegraph (London) reported from that U.S. military base outside Baghdad. "They had the ultimate say-so as to what went on there."
Reese recounted details of an incident in which an inmate died during interrogation by CIA officers and alleged that Col. Thomas Pappas, commanding officer of 205th Military Intelligence Brigade, was present the night of the death and tried to cover up the incident.
<www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A2755-2004Jun24.html>
The hearing was held to decide whether Specialist Sabrina Harman, 26, a former manager of a pizza shop from Lorton, Virginia, should be sent for court martial. Harman was photographed grinning in front of the prisoner's corpse.
Reese said the man had been brought into the prison after an insurgent attack on the Baghdad office of the International Committee of the Red Cross. Reese said he first saw the man when he was already dead in a shower room where he had been interrogated.
Reese said he heard Pappas say "I'm not going to go down alone for this" during a discussion about what to do with the body. According to Reese "the OGA guys were visibly upset this had happened."
The body was packed in ice overnight and left in the shower, giving Harman the opportunity to pose for the photograph during her night shift. The next day the body was fitted with an intravenous drip and taken away. "I was told the reason they did that was they didn't want the other inmates to get upset he had passed during the interrogation," said Reese, who confirmed that the dead detainee was a "ghost inmate" with no name or number.
Investigators are also looking into the of three Army junior reservists with the 325th Military Intelligence Battalion conduct at Abu Ghraib, the Washington Post reported on 26 June. They are Spec. Roman Krol, Spec. Israel Rivera and Spec. Armin J. Cruz. Investigators identified the three in a photograph taken in late October in a hallway in a cellblock on Tier 1 at the prison. The photo shows three shackled detainees naked and splayed on the floor with the three MI soldiers and others standing nearby. <www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A6716-2004Jun25.html>
Rivera admitted being in the photo on 24 June when testifying at Harman�s Article 32 hearing. The Post says Krol told it last month he was one of the soldiers in the photograph. Cruz declined to testify on 24 June, citing his right to avoid self-incrimination.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION II -- CONTEXT AND PRECEDENCE
CIA SUSPENDS USE OF ENHANCED INTERROGATION TECHNIQUES - The CIA has suspended the use of extraordinary interrogation techniques pending a review by Justice Department and other administration lawyers, the Washington Post reported on 27 June, citing intel officials. <www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A8534-2004Jun26.html>
Enhanced interrogation techniques include feigned drowning and refusal of pain medication for injuries. The tactics have been used to elicit intelligence from al-Qa'ida leaders such as Abu Zubaydah and Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, according to the Post.
Current and former CIA officers told the paper the suspension reflected agency fears of being accused of unsanctioned and illegal activities, as it was in the 1970s. The decision applies to CIA detention facilities, such as those around the world where the agency is interrogating al-Qa'ida leaders and their supporters, but not military prisons at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and elsewhere.
CIA interrogations would continue without techniques that include feigning suffocation, stress positions, light and noise bombardment, sleep deprivation, and making captives think they are being interrogated by another government.
Legal debate over CIA techniques arose during the war in Afghanistan, counterterrorism operations in Pakistan and Bush's approval of unconventional methods in dealing with al-Qa'ida. The interrogation methods were approved by DoJ and NSC lawyers in 2002 and required the DCI's authorization for use.
When the CIA and the military started taking al-Qa'ida prisoners in Afghanistan, they had no interrogators, no special rules and no place to put them, a senior Marine officer involved in detainee procedures told the Post. Only the FBI had a full cadre of professional interrogators and so took the lead in questioning detainees.
Then, in January 202, Pakistani forces turned over to the U.S. military a senior al-Qa'ida operative they had captured earlier. The CIA wanted to use a range of methods, including threatening his life and family, on Ibn al-Shaykh al-Libi. But the FBI never authorized such methods, wishing to be able to use information derived from interrogations as evidence in courtrooms.
Al-Libi provided the CIA with intelligence about a plot to blow up the U.S. Embassy in Yemen with a truck bomb and pointed officials in the direction of Abu Zubaydah, a top al-Qa'ida leader known to have been involved in the 9/11 plot.
In March 2002, Abu Zubaydah was captured. Again a debate arose over interrogation methods between the agency and the bureau. Director Mueller decided to keep the FBI out of the interrogations, giving the CIA the lead role, a senior FBI counterterrorism official told the Post.
U.S. national security officials have suggested that painkillers were used selectively with Zubaydah, who had been shot in the groin during his capture, until he agreed to cooperate more fully. Information obtained from him led to the apprehension of other al-Qa'ida members, including Ramzi Bin al-Shibh, also in Pakistan. The capture of Bin al-Shibh, Umar al-Faruq in Indonesia, Rahim al-Nashiri in Kuwait and Muhammad al-Darbi in Yemen were also partly the result of information provided by Zubaydah. All four remain under CIA control, according to the Post.
FBI'S MUELLER FORESEES NATO-LIKE ANTI-TERRORISM ALLIANCE - FBI Director Mueller said on 22 June that he expected the bureau would someday be part of an international anti-terrorism alliance similar in structure to NATO, the New York Times reported. <www.nytimes.com/2004/06/23/politics/23BURO.html>
Mueller told the Council on Foreign Relations that preliminary discussions had already begun among NATO members about setting up organizational ties between European countries that now cooperate through a patchwork of legal assistance treaties and informal relationships.
"In the future, we must have the creativity to think of possibilities we have not imagined," the Times quoted him as saying. "We must become more flexible, more agile and more mobile. I envision the FBI of tomorrow as a highly trained, electronically sophisticated, international networked organization that has terrorism as its principal target."
Mueller's aides said they hoped the speech would help define a broader context for his reorganization efforts at the bureau and help him defend it from proposals in Congress to strip it of some or all of its authority over terrorism inside the United States.
Mueller said that one of his proposals was to create a Directorate of Intelligence that would in effect create a new agency within the FBI that would fuse law enforcement and counterterrorism functions to identify potential targets, potential terrorists, predict their actions and neutralize them before they attack.
"Intelligence is a tool," Mueller said. "That tool becomes increasingly important when there are more threats than we can physically pursue. We need an edge to tell us what to investigate. Soon all counterterrorism cases will be intelligence-driven operations with law enforcement sanctions as an ancillary aspect."
Mueller predicted a long and difficult war against terrorism. Al-Qa'ida still has the desire and the means to attack, he said, and this will be likely for years to come.
Answering questions, Mueller said he estimated the total number of Islamic extremists in the world with the motivation and capability of making terror strikes to be in the low thousands. The number of extremists within the United States was decreasing, he said, but warned that the threat remained serious. Al-Qa'ida was recruiting outside the Middle East to find individuals who would easily blend with the American population, as well as those who within the United States who might be converts to its cause.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION III -- CYBER INTELLIGENCE
CYBER MISERY AT THE FBI - On 25 June, FBI officials announced bad news about the bureau�s notoriously inadequate, outdated computer system. <www.nytimes.com/2004/06/26/politics/26FBI.final.html?th>
The New York Times reported them as saying the bureau would not be able to fully deploy a Virtual Case Files system before the end of the year as promised, nor could they say when the full system would be in place, the New York Times reported. One bureau official, speaking on condition of anonymity, told the Times the program, intended to enable agents to share information easily, might have to be abandoned.
Other officials, while denying the situation was that bad, admitted the program development was far slower than the bureau had initially expected.
"The program is too large and too complex and too huge to say, `On Monday, you'll come in and you're going to have V.C.F. on your desktop,' " said Zalmai Azmi, FBI chief information officer, adding, "You can't do that with 28,000 users."
The shortcomings of the existing antiquated system were highlighted during investigations of the bureau's failure to detect the 9/11 plot. Director Mueller told a Senate panel that the bureau's computer system was so limited that it could not search its files for combinations of terms like "flight" and "schools," precisely the kind of combination that might have helped to discern the patterns of activity leading up to the attacks.
As recently as 20 May, Mueller told the Senate Judiciary Committee that it was his hope and expectation that the new system would be completed by the end of this year.
According to a staff report from the bipartisan commission investigating the Sept. 11 attacks, the FBI's primary information system, which was designed using 1980's technology, was "already obsolete when installed in 1995," the Times reported. The commission report said that "field agents usually did not know what investigations agents in their own office, let alone in other field offices, were working on."
AG Ashcroft argued before the 9/11 commission that the previous administration was to blame for the technology failings. "The FBI's information infrastructure had been starved," he said, "And by Sept. 11, it was collapsing from budgetary neglect."
However, according to the Times, Bruce McConnell, an information technology official in the Office of Management and Budget during the Clinton administration, said the problem had more to do with the culture and expertise of the FBI than with money. He said in an interview with the Times that many FBI agents "are by nature conservative, and are not often the early adopters of new ways of doing things." But McConnell had praise for Mueller who, he said was spending a lot of time trying to figure out, 'how do I get my hands around this problem?'
"Technology conversions cause headaches for the private and public sectors alike,� McConnell said. (Cameron L.C., DKR)
DHS SEES TERRORIST DANGER IN FCC PROPOSAL - Cyberterrorists could obtain a virtual road map for targeting critical infrastructures as a result of making public too many details about significant network service outages, say Homeland Security officials. Hence, DHS is urging regulators to keep such information secret, SecurityFocus reported on 23 June. <www.securityfocus.com/news/8966)
The DHS warning came as the FCC is proposing that telecom companies be required to report to it significant outages of high-speed data lines or wireless networks. The FCC proposal would rewrite current regulations requiring phone companies to file a publicly-accessible service disruption report whenever they experience an outage that effects at least 30,000 phone customers for 30 minutes or more.
The FCC proposal would expand landline reporting requirements to wireless services, and measure the impact of a telecom outage by the number of user minutes lost, instead of the number of customers affected.
The reports would include details like the geographic area of the outage, the direct causes of the incident, the root cause, whether or not malicious activity was involved, the name and type of equipment that failed, and the steps taken to prevent a recurrence.
Such information can be employed by hostile actors to identify vulnerabilities for the purpose of exploiting them, the DHS argued in an FCC filing this June. If the FCC is going to mandate reporting, the DHS argued, it should channel the data to a more circumspect group: the Telecom ISAC (Information Sharing and Analysis Center), a voluntary clearinghouse for communications-related vulnerability information, whose members include several government agencies and all the major communications carriers. Data exchanged within the Telecom-ISAC is protected from public disclosure.
The FCC hasn't ruled on the matter. Telecom companies are generally against the proposed new reporting requirements, arguing that the industry's voluntary efforts are sufficient, SecurityFocus reported. (DKR)
ISLAMISTS EMPLOY DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN THEIR JIHAD - "When militants used to want to make a point, they would send faxes or videotapes to international news agencies," MSNBC online noted on 24 June. "But now, al Qaida is putting its graphic messages and images straight up on the web�with maximum effect." <www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5279657/>
The jihadis are using free Internet websites, chatrooms, CD burners and DVDs for the direct, unfiltered dissemination of their message instantly to a world audience.
Thus Saudi authorities seized computer facilities, CD-ROMs, software and a huge archive following the killing of al-Qa�ida's top commander in the kingdom last week. Saudi police said the terrorists always carried the archive with them in their cars. The Saudis also blocked several al-Qa'ida websites. <www.crime-research.org/news/23.06.2004/443>
On 23 June, when Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, the Jordanian Islamist leader operating in Iraq, threatened to kill Ayad Allawi, that country's new Prime Minister, he did so on an Islamist website. Other Islamist websites have been used to confirm the kidnappings and broadcast the beheadings of Americans Nick Berg in Iraq and Paul Johnson in Saudi Arabia.
Counter-intelligence sources say the militants are able to hijack websites, such as one belonging to a Silicon Valley survey and mapping company that was used to upload images of the captured Johnson. Experts also believe that al-Qa'ida recruitment and planning, via the Internet, is on the rise, worldwide. They are also used to distribute guerilla warfare manuals, including plans for a cyanide bomb.
But some analysts say al-Qa'ida�s use of digital technology could backfire. Intelligence sources think that Muqrin was found and killed as a result of leads picked up on websites he used to show Johnson�s murder. (DKR)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION IV -- BOOKS, SOURCES, AND ISSUES
Books
ANONYMOUS CIA WRITER SEES U.S. LOSING WAR - Anonymous ["Mike ?????"], Imperial Hubris: Why the West is Losing the War on Terror, (Brassey's, 352 pp., $27.50)
The United States is losing the war against radical Islam and the invasion of Iraq has only played into the enemy's hands, according to the anonymous author of Imperial Hubris, to be published 1 August.
"U.S. leaders refuse to accept the obvious," the Times cites the officer as writing. "We are fighting a worldwide Islamic insurgency � not criminality or terrorism � and our policy and procedures have failed to make more than a modest dent in enemy forces." The threat is rooted in opposition not to American values, but to policies and actions, particularly in the Islamic world, the author writes.
According to the New York Times, the CIA approved release of Imperial Hubris on condition that the author and his internal agency were not identified. <www.nytimes.com/2004/06/23/politics/23INTE.html>
However, he is identified in the book as a senior U.S. intelligence official with nearly two decades of experience in national security issues related to Afghanistan and South Asia. He is also recognized as the author of a previous book, Through Our Enemies' Eyes: Osama bin Laden, Radical Islam, and the Future of America, published by Brassey's in February 2003.
Former intelligence officials identified the officer to The Times and noted that he was an overt employee of the C.I.A., but an intel official asked that the writer�s full name not be published because it could make him a target of al-Qa�ida. During 1996 to 1999, he is said to have headed the station set up to track Usama bin Ladin. It was the agency's first station to deal with an individual rather than a country.
In Imperial Hubris, the author denounces the American invasion of Iraq as "an avaricious, premeditated unprovoked war against a foe who posed no immediate threat." In the period since 11 September, the United States has dealt lethal blows to al-Qa�ida's but at the same time, he adds, waged two failed half-wars and, in doing so, left Afghanistan and Iraq seething with anti-U.S. sentiment, fertile grounds for the expansion of al-Qa'ida and kindred groups."
The author feels a pressing certainty that al-Qa'ida will attack the continental United States again, that its next strike will be more damaging than 9/11, and that it could employ WMD. "After the next attack," he adds, "misled Americans and their elected representatives will rightly demand the heads of intelligence-community leaders; that heads did not roll after 11 September is perhaps our most grievous post-attack error." (DKR)
ISLAMIST 'DEMOCRATS' AND JIHAD - Noah Feldman, After Jihad: America and the Struggle for Islamic Democracy (Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 272 pp. $24.00) - Feldman, who teaches law at New York University, has a doctorate in Islamic studies and served as chief U.S. adviser to Iraq for the writing of its new constitution. In After Jihad, he argues that Islam and democracy are fundamentally compatible, and that radical Islam is losing ground to moderate Muslims who are attracted to democracy.
Feldman is particularly optimistic about Jordan where he sees King Abdullah acting as a powerful force on behalf of democratization who the West can assist with foreign investments, liberalized trade conditions and other measures. He views Morocco in a similarly optimistic light. He also stresses the importance of the United States remaining true to its own democratic traditions and urges that it find ways of extending its benefits to the Muslim world. Muslims, he believes, want the same freedoms that Americans have.
But as Martin Kramer a well-known specialist on the Middle East and fellow of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, has pointed out, the ideas expounded in After Jihad are hardly fresh. <www.campus-watch.org/article/id/700> They have been around at least since the publication in 1992 of The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality? by Georgetown University's John L. Esposito.
Indeed, Esposito and Feldman together organized a conference last year at New York University's Law School, in cooperation with Bill Clinton's presidential foundation on Islam and America in a Global World. The Islamic "moderates" who participated in the conference ganged up on the United States and its policies so relentlessly that Clinton felt driven to intervene after his formal speech. The New York Post covered the event under this headline: "Bill Fires Back at US-bash Powwow, " Kramer notes.
As Kramer sees it, both Esposito and Feldman fail to see that the Islamic democrats in whom they show confidence turn out on close examination to either have little influence in their own societies or to be at best democrats part of the time and the rest of the time sympathizers with and promoters of jihad.
Early in the 1990s, Esposito and like-minded commentators saw Islamism as evolving in that decade in new, peaceful, and democratic directions. But the opposite happened, with Islamist movements spinning off increasingly lethal terrorism, justified as jihad. Things have not changed, neither among Islamist "democrats," nor, it seems, among those academics who view what is going on in the Islamic world through rose-tinted glasses.
Those who wish to learn more about the shortcomings of American academics who specialize in the world of Islam would do well to read Kramer's Ivory Towers on Sand: The Failure of Middle Eastern Studies in America, published by the Washington Institute for Near Eastern Studies. (DKR)
EXPLORING THE PSYCHE OF EVILDOERS - Slavenka Drakulic, They Would Never Hurt a Fly: War Criminals on Trial in The Hague (Viking, 224pp. $22.95)
Drakulic, a Croatian journalist, first came to the attention of an international readership through her earlier work, How We Survived Communism and Even Laughed. Now she has set out to explore the psyches of the people who turned Yugoslavia into a land of genocide in the 1990s.
Drakulic draws on her observations of Slobodan Milosevic and other defendants in the war crimes trials before the International Tribunal in The Hague, augmenting these with what she imagines were their thoughts. Despite this questionable device, she delivers powerful portraits of these evildoers.
The book does not lack for horrors, including the slaughter at Srebrenica that brought such disgrace on the European powers who let it happen. Drakulic presents it through the eyes of a Bosnian soldier forced to kill or be killed. (DKR)
Issues
DOD SEEKS END TO INTEL RESTRICTIONS WITHIN THE UNITED STATES - Pentagon officials have slipped a provision into a bill before Congress that could vastly expand the DIA's ability to gather intelligence inside the United States, including the recruitment of informants, Newsweek online reported on 21 June. www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5197014/site/newsweek
MI agencies have operated under tight restrictions inside the United States following the exposure of their surveillance of anti-war protesters in the 1970s. Now the provision, approved in a closed session of the Senate Intelligence Committee in May, would free DoD agencies, and notably the DIA, from compliance with the Privacy Act. This legislation requires officials seeking information from a resident of the United States to say who they are and give their reason for wanting the information.
A report by the Senate committee reasoned that current counterterrorism operations require greater latitude both overseas and within the United States. DIA officials say they mainly want the provision so they can more easily question American businessmen and college students who travel abroad. Pentagon spokesman Bryan Whitman said the provision would also be helpful in investigating suspected terrorist threats to military bases and contractors inside the United States. "We have to do what is necessary for force protection," Newsweek quoted him as saying.
Among those pushing for the provision, sources told Newsweek, were officials at Northcom, the new Colorado-based command set up by Secretary Rumsfeld to oversee homeland defense. Pentagon lawyers insist agents will still be legally barred from domestic law enforcement. (Jesse R., DKR)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION V � NOTES, LETTERS, QUERIES AND COMING EVENTS
Letters
VoIP Threat - John R. writes about 'DoJ Sees Terror Danger in VoIP' in WIN #21-04 dtd 21 June 2004:
I read in the latest WIN the
concerns about VoIP and its impact on National Security. I was asked by a SSCI
staffer over a year ago, to write an assessment of the problem PDQ and send it
up as soon as possible...read that to mean, "we wanted it
yesterday."
What
people do not know is that the same encryption tools used to scramble data sent
over the Internet can be used to scramble VoIP communications. Whether it is
data or voice transmissions being sent over an IP link, the transmission becomes
a series of bits. IP doesn't care if the bits are data or voice that is handled
by the software at each end. However, work has been done on encrypting VoIP
transmissions with
PGP.
The cat's out of
the bag. What has to be done now, is to spend the money to know when the bit
stream being sent is voice, and secondly when the bit stream is encrypted and
what encryption method was used to scramble the
message.
VoIP is a
very, very scary tool, easily available to terrorists, drug dealers,
etc.
I urge all of the
AFIO members to write their legislative representatives and urge them to
increase spending in InfoWarfare, SIGINT, etc. Time is precious and the level of
technological innovativeness is increasing exponentially over time, and time is
a commodity that will not come around
again.
On another
note, DCI George Tenet deserves this country's thanks. Demonized in the press
for not being able to predict the WTC and Pentagon attacks, this once again
shows me just how misinformed the American people are in what goes into
intelligence
gathering.
Thank you
Mr. Tenet, at least I appreciate what you have done for the country. And I used
to joke with my friends in Washington that when I grew up, I was going to be
DCI. Now, however, I would not want the job.
Queries
WHERE IS COL. JOHN C. LAMB? "I am an associate AFIO member who is researching a history of United States medical intelligence. I am trying to locate Col. John C. Lamb, who at least at one point was an AFIO member. I would like to interview Col. Lamb regarding his role as Chairman, Department of Defense Steering Committee on US Army Medical Intelligence and Information Agency (USAMIIA) in late 1981-early 1982. This committee was instrumental in the creation of the Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center in 1982 which today serves as the sole DOD producer of medical related intelligence." Replies to AFIO member Jonathan D. Clemente, MD at jonathan_clemente@yahoo.com
MY GRANDFATHER'S OSS ACTIVITIES - "I am writing because I would like to connect with people who might be able to tell me about my grandfather. He was in the AVG / OSS during World War II, and served in the China / Burma / India theatre. He passed away in 1974, and at that time had maintained admirable, but to his loved ones frustrating, secrecy regarding many of his activities and operations during the war. All we really have are some memoirs collected during a series of interviews conducted by a historian near the end of his life. If you can be of service in helping us contact people who knew him and information (at least that which has been declassified - at least one operation in which he participated was apparently still classified at the time of his death) about his activities and accomplishments, please let me know. I will be happy to provide what information I have to help connect with people who knew him and to find out more about his military career. Any information we can get would be greatly appreciated." Replies to Laura E. Hardenbrook at laura_hardenbrook@yahoo.com
JAPANESE TV SEEKS 1957-61 CIA OFFICERS - For a Japanese Documentary on CIA activities in Japan in the years 1957 through 1961, please contact Mr. Teru at a Japanese TV production company either by phone at 212-966-1700, or at 347-581-5066, or by email to him at terutic@mac.com
Coming Events
Wednesday, 30 June 04 - Kuklinski Case Author at Polish Embassy Fete �
NY Times reporter Benjamin Weiser, author of the much-praised A Secret Life, a biography of Col.
Ryszard Kuklinski who secretly worked for the West, will be the guest of the
Polish Embassy at a special reception Wednesday where copies of his book will be
available. As AFIO members, you are invited to attend. This is a rare
opportunity to enjoy the hospitality of the country who Kuklinski in one respect
'betrayed,' and yet freed to enjoy democracy. They wish to thank those who
played a role. Zbigniew Brzezinski has called Kuklinski, who delivered a
huge amount of information to Western intelligence, Poland�s first NATO officer.
The event begins at 6:30 p.m. and the address is 2640 Sixteenth Street N.W.,
Washington, D.C. Those wishing to attend MUST inform the Embassy at
202-234-3800, ext. 2165 or at culture@ioip.com
Clueless about
Kuklinski? Come up to speed here:
Wednesday, 30 June 04 - Washington, DC - The James Madison Project features lecture/book-signing by Washington Post Managing Editor Steve Coll on his book, "Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001.� Time: 12:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. at 1747 Pennsylvania Ave, NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20006. Registration is Free; Donations of $5.00 or More are Encouraged and are Tax-Deductible. Brown-bag luncheon. Pre-registration is recommended by Tuesday, June 29, 2004. For more information, please contact Mark S. Zaid, Executive Director, at 202-454-2809, or ZaidMS@aol.com
Wednesday, 30 June � NGA DIRECTOR CLAPPER TO ADDRESS NMIA LUNCHEON - The speaker at the National Military Intelligence Association luncheon will be Lt. Gen. Jim Clapper, USAF (Ret), Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. The event, set for Wednesday, 30 June at the Army Navy Country Club in Arlington, VA., is co-sponsored by the Capitol Club Chapter of the Association of Old Crows. For more information call (703) 921-1800.
3 July - Spies of Washington Tour - From 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM, the Cold War Museum will host their original �Spies of Washington Tour.� The cost is $55 per person and includes a stop at the International Spy Museum. Tickets may be purchased online at <www.spytour.com> or by calling (703) 273-2381. AFIO members will receive $5 off by calling (703) 273-2381. Or, email Francis Gary Powers Jr., Founder, The Cold War Museum at gpowersjr@coldwar.org.
26 - 29 September 04 - Reno, NV - All bets are on you not wanting to miss the joint meeting of the U. S. Marine Corps Tri-Association Intelligence Committee comprised of members of the Marine Corps Counterintelligence, the Marine Corps Intelligence and the Marine Corps Cryptologic Associations at Harrah�s Hotel and Casino in Reno, Nevada. The reunion will be held in conjunction with the Marine Intelligence Community�s fall conference which will involve active duty Marines attending from the �corners of the world,� current contingencies permitting. Friends of Marine Corps Intelligence are invited to attend. For additional details, contact Tom MacKinney (916) 983-6119 or at thosmack@comcast.net.
8 - 9 October 04 -- East Lyme, Ct -- The New England Chapter, Naval Cryptologic Veterans Association hosts a special reunion. For more information, contact: Phil Sirmons, 492 Boston Post Rd, East Lyme, CT 06333, 860-739-6006, asir@peoplepc.com, or visit their website at www.ncva-ne.org
Obituary
Col. Peter Helmuth Brinitzer - A veteran DIA officer, he died, aged 77 of kidney failure at his home in Alexandria, VA on 11 June. He held the rank of colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve, the Washington Post reported. <www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A7006-2004Jun25.html>
From 1976 to 1983, Col. Brinitzer was the principal HUMINT requirements manager at DIA, serving as chief of the collection management branch for seven years and as chief of the human resources division for three years. He was his department's designated guest lecturer at the Defense Intelligence College, Naval War College and other military educational institutions. Among many awards for his work at the agency, he was given an Exceptional Civilian Service Medal in 1983.
His 30-year career in the USAR also concentrated on MI. His last command, from 1976 to 1979, was with the 5th Psychological Operations Group, a 1,100-person unit in the active reserve. Col. Brinitzer was awarded a Meritorious Service Medal for his work in this command and the Legion of Honor for his service in the reserves.
Born in Breslau, Germany, Col. Brinitzer immigrated with his family to the United States in 1938, fleeing the Nazis. He enlisted in the Army in 1944, at age of 17. Partly because he spoke German fluently, he was assigned to an MI unit. He took part in the Battle of the Bulge and the remainder of the European campaign, then conducted de-Nazification and intel collection activities in the Office of Military Government in Berlin through mid-1946.
He graduated from Syracuse University and attended George Washington University Law School before returning to Germany in 1950. He spent 15 years, largely in Berlin, engaged in various MI roles, primarily in connection with the Air Intelligence Service of the Air Forces in Europe. He transferred to Washington in 1967, where he worked for the DIA until his retirement in 1986.
In 2002, in recognition of his activities on behalf of Fairfax County, where Alexandria is situated, the County Board of Supervisors cited him for his major part in public life. He is survived by his wife of 42 years, Donna Louise Brinitzer of Alexandria; two sons, Scott Roberts Brinitzer of Arlington and John David Brinitzer of Paris; and a grandson.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TO DISCONTINUE RECEIPT OF WINs/EBBNs -- To be unsubscribed from AFIO's WINs/EBBNs mailing list, click here: mailto:afio@afio.com?SUBJECT=Discontinue and just give us your name in body of message, click SEND, we will remove you from WINs. If this link doesn't work with your email system, just send message to afio@afio.com asking to be removed from WINs/EBBNs mailings. Provide your name and email address where you are receiving the WINs/EBBNs. Note: if you use AOL, MSN, or have spam filtering software, it may be helpful to send a confirmation email to afio@afio.com and wins@afio.com to ensure our messages get delivered to you, or manually add the email addresses to your address book. If you use AOL 9.0, add the email addresses to your "People I Know" folder.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WINs are protected by copyright laws and intellectual property laws, and may not be reproduced or re-sent without specific permission from the Producer. Opinions expressed in the WINs are solely those of the editor(s) or author(s) listed with each article. AFIO Members Support the AFIO Mission - sponsor new members! CHECK THE AFIO WEBSITE at https://www.afio.com for back issues of the WINs, information about AFIO, conference agenda and registrations materials, and membership applications and much more! (c) 2004, AFIO, 6723 Whittier Ave, Suite 303A, McLean, VA 22101. afio@afio.com; Voice: 703 790-0320; Fax: 703 991-1278 AFIO WINs are produced each week in Memory of WINs founder/AFIO Exec Director, Roy Jonkers